Mechanisms of CO and COS Formation in the Claus Furnace
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- 作者：Peter D. Clark ; Norman I. Dowling ; M. Huang ; William Y. Svrcek ; and Wayne D. Monnery
- 刊名：Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
- 出版年：2001
- 出版时间：January 24, 2001
- 年：2001
- 卷：40
- 期：2
- 页码：497 - 508
- 全文大小：121K
- 年卷期：v.40,no.2(January 24, 2001)
- ISSN：1520-5045
文摘
The aim of this study was to determine the major pathways leading to COS and CO formationand consumption during the processing of H2S and CO2 in the partially oxidizing conditions ofthe Claus furnace. Both species were found to be produced by a multitude of pathways, whichinclude the direct reaction of H2S with CO2 to form COS and H2O and the reaction of CO2 withS2, one of the major primary products in a Claus furnace. This last reaction produced SO2 andCO as the major products, with COS being formed in lesser quantities. The dissociation of H2Sto H2 and S2 at high temperatures (>1000 
C) was shown to promote a further cascade of reactionsstemming from the reduction of COS and CO2, both of which lead to CO. Because of the knownformation of CS2 from hydrocarbon carry-over into the furnace, the reactions of CS2 with CO2,H2O, and SO2 were also studied as potential CO- and COS-forming reactions. Reaction withCO2 was slow at <1200 C, but reaction with either H2O or SO2 was fast above 900 C. Conversionof CS2 by H2O led to CO, H2, H2S, S2, and CO2, whereas reaction with SO2 resulted in CO2 andS2 as the major products. Similar observations were made for the reactions of COS with H2Oand SO2. The summary of pathways presented in Scheme 5 shows a complex interlinkage amongmany reactions involving H2S, CO2, CO, COS, SO2, and S2, leading to the conclusion that previousexplanations of the production of COS from CO + S2 and CO from incomplete combustiondramatically oversimplifies the formation/consumption for these compounds. It also shows thatmodeling of individual kinetic rate expressions is somewhat impractical.
C) was shown to promote a further cascade of reactionsstemming from the reduction of COS and CO2, both of which lead to CO. Because of the knownformation of CS2 from hydrocarbon carry-over into the furnace, the reactions of CS2 with CO2,H2O, and SO2 were also studied as potential CO- and COS-forming reactions. Reaction withCO2 was slow at <1200 C, but reaction with either H2O or SO2 was fast above 900 C. Conversionof CS2 by H2O led to CO, H2, H2S, S2, and CO2, whereas reaction with SO2 resulted in CO2 andS2 as the major products. Similar observations were made for the reactions of COS with H2Oand SO2. The summary of pathways presented in Scheme 5 shows a complex interlinkage amongmany reactions involving H2S, CO2, CO, COS, SO2, and S2, leading to the conclusion that previousexplanations of the production of COS from CO + S2 and CO from incomplete combustiondramatically oversimplifies the formation/consumption for these compounds. It also shows thatmodeling of individual kinetic rate expressions is somewhat impractical.