Influence of Pressure during the Alkylation of Toluene with Ethane
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- 作者：Dirk Singer ; Seyed Alireza Sadat Rezai ; Sarah Sealy ; Yvonne Traa
- 刊名：Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
- 出版年：2007
- 出版时间：January 17, 2007
- 年：2007
- 卷：46
- 期：2
- 页码：395 - 399
- 全文大小：111K
- 年卷期：v.46,no.2(January 17, 2007)
- ISSN：1520-5045
文摘
The direct alkylation of toluene with ethane to the isomeric ethyltoluenes and hydrogen using a bifunctionalPd/H-ZSM-5 catalyst was carried out in a fixed-bed, flow-type reactor. The effect of pressure was investigatedbetween 1 and 100 bar and at moderate temperatures of 300 and 350 
C. From stoichiometry, no influenceof pressure is expected for ideal gases. However, thermodynamic equilibrium calculations for a network ofreactions, taking into account nonideal gas behavior, do predict an influence of pressure. Toluene conversionsof 5-8% observed experimentally at 300 C over the entire pressure range are in line with these calculations.In contrast, the toluene conversion observed at 350 C and 50 bar is at 27% well above the equilibrium valuecalculated using a limited reaction network. It is proposed that the formation of hydrogen-rich light alkanesis favored at high pressures, creating a hydrogen sink. Hence, the equilibrium is shifted toward the formation of ethyltoluenes. The maximum experimental yield of ethyltoluenes achieved so far is approximately14 wt %.
C. From stoichiometry, no influenceof pressure is expected for ideal gases. However, thermodynamic equilibrium calculations for a network ofreactions, taking into account nonideal gas behavior, do predict an influence of pressure. Toluene conversionsof 5-8% observed experimentally at 300 C over the entire pressure range are in line with these calculations.In contrast, the toluene conversion observed at 350 C and 50 bar is at 27% well above the equilibrium valuecalculated using a limited reaction network. It is proposed that the formation of hydrogen-rich light alkanesis favored at high pressures, creating a hydrogen sink. Hence, the equilibrium is shifted toward the formation of ethyltoluenes. The maximum experimental yield of ethyltoluenes achieved so far is approximately14 wt %.