Organic Covalent Patterning of Nanostructured Graphene with Selectivity at the Atomic Level

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• 作者：Juan Jesús Navarro ; Sofía Leret ; Fabián Calleja ; Daniele Stradi ; Andrés Black ; Ramón Bernardo-Gavito ; Manuela Garnica ; Daniel Granados ; Amadeo L. Vázquez de Parga ; Emilio M. Pérez ; Rodolfo Miranda
• 刊名：Nano Letters
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 13, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：16
• 期：1
• 页码：355-361
• 全文大小：533K
• ISSN：1530-6992

文摘

Organic covalent functionalization of graphene with long-range periodicity is highly desirable—it is anticipated to provide control over its electronic, optical, or magnetic properties—and remarkably challenging. In this work we describe a method for the covalent modification of graphene with strict spatial periodicity at the nanometer scale. The periodic landscape is provided by a single monolayer of graphene grown on Ru(0001) that presents a moiré pattern due to the mismatch between the carbon and ruthenium hexagonal lattices. The moiré contains periodically arranged areas where the graphene–ruthenium interaction is enhanced and shows higher chemical reactivity. This phenomenon is demonstrated by the attachment of cyanomethyl radicals (CH₂CN^?) produced by homolytic breaking of acetonitrile (CH₃CN), which is shown to present a nearly complete selectivity (>98%) binding covalently to graphene on specific atomic sites. This method can be extended to other organic nitriles, paving the way for the attachment of functional molecules.