Biomineralization in Mediterranean Corals: The Role of the Intraskeletal Organic Matrix

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• 作者：Michela Reggi ; Simona Fermani ; Valerio Landi ; Francesca Sparla ; Erik Caroselli ; Francesca Gizzi ; Zvy Dubinsky ; Oren Levy ; Jean-Pierre Cuif ; Yannicke Dauphin ; Stefano Goffredo ; Giuseppe Falini
• 刊名：Crystal Growth & Design
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：September 3, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：14
• 期：9
• 页码：4310-4320
• 全文大小：887K
• ISSN：1528-7505

文摘

The precipitation of calcium carbonate was carried out in the presence of the intraskeletal organic matrix (OM) extracted from Mediterranean corals. They were diverse in growth form and trophic strategy, Balanophyllia europaea and Leptopsammia pruvoti鈥攕olitary corals, only the first zooxanthellate coral鈥攁nd Cladocora caespitosa and Astroides calycularis鈥攃olonial corals, only the first zooxanthellate coral. The results showed that, although the OM marked differences among species, the diverse influence over the calcium carbonate precipitation was evident only for B. europaea. This OM was the most prone to favor the precipitation of aragonite in the absence of magnesium ions, according to overgrowth and solution precipitation experiments. In artificial seawater, where magnesium ions were present, this OM, as well the one from A. calycularis, precipitated mainly a form of amorphous calcium carbonate different from that obtained with SOM from L. pruvoti or C. caespitosa. The amorphous calcium carbonate from B. europaea was the most stable upon heating up to 100 掳C and was the one that mainly converted into aragonite instead of magnesium calcite after heating at 300 掳C. All this indicated a higher control of B. europaea OM over the calcium carbonate polymorphism than the other species. The influence of SOMs over precipitate morphology turned out to be also species related. In conclusion, this comparative study has shown that the influence of OM on in vitro precipitation of calcium carbonate was not related to the coral ecology, solitary vs colonial and zooxanthellate vs nonzooxanthellate, and suggested that the coral control over biomineralization process was species specific and encoded in coral genes.