Indole Based Weapons to Fight Antibiotic Resistance: A Structure–Activity Relationship Study

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• 作者：Susan Lepri ; Federica Buonerba ; Laura Goracci ; Irene Velilla ; Renzo Ruzziconi ; Bryan D. Schindler ; Susan M. Seo ; Glenn W. Kaatz ; Gabriele Cruciani
• 刊名：Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 11, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：59
• 期：3
• 页码：867-891
• 全文大小：891K
• ISSN：1520-4804

文摘

Antibiotic resistance represents a worldwide concern, especially regarding the outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a common cause for serious skin and soft tissues infections. A major contributor to Staphylococcus aureus antibiotic resistance is the NorA efflux pump, which is able to extrude selected antibacterial drugs and biocides from the membrane, lowering their effective concentrations. Thus, the inhibition of NorA represents a promising and challenging strategy that would allow recycling of substrate antimicrobial agents. Among NorA inhibitors, the indole scaffold proved particularly effective and suitable for further optimization. In this study, some unexplored modifications on the indole scaffold are proposed. In particular, for the first time, substitutions at the C5 and N1 positions have been designed to give 48 compounds, which were synthesized and tested against norA-overexpressing S. aureus. Among them, 4 compounds have NorA IC₅₀ values lower than 5.0 μM proving to be good efflux pump inhibitor (EPI) candidates. In addition, preliminary data on their ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) profile is reported.