Inhalation and Dietary Exposure to PCBs in Urban and Rural Cohorts via Congener-Specific Measurements

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• 作者：Matt D. Ampleman ; Andr茅s Martinez ; Jeanne DeWall ; Dorothea F. K. Rawn ; Keri C. Hornbuckle ; Peter S. Thorne
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：January 20, 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：49
• 期：2
• 页码：1156-1164
• 全文大小：455K
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of 209 persistent organic pollutants, whose documented carcinogenic, neurological, and respiratory toxicities are expansive and growing. However, PCB inhalation exposure assessments have been lacking for North American ambient conditions and lower-chlorinated congeners. We assessed congener-specific inhalation and dietary exposure for 78 adolescent children and their mothers (n = 68) in the Airborne Exposure to Semi-volatile Organic Pollutants (AESOP) Study. Congener-specific PCB inhalation exposure was modeled using 293 measurements of indoor and outdoor airborne PCB concentrations at homes and schools, analyzed via tandem quadrupole GS-MS/MS, combined with questionnaire data from the AESOP Study. Dietary exposure was modeled using Canadian Total Diet Survey PCB concentrations and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) food ingestion rates. For 鈭慞CB, dietary exposure dominates. For individual lower-chlorinated congeners (e.g., PCBs 40+41+71, 52), inhalation exposure was as high as one-third of the total (dietary+inhalation) exposure. 鈭慞CB inhalation (geometric mean (SE)) was greater for urban mothers (7.1 (1.2) 渭g yr^鈥?) and children (12.0 (1.2) 渭g yr^鈥?) than for rural mothers (2.4 (0.4) 渭g yr^鈥?) and children (8.9 (0.3) 渭g yr^鈥?). Schools attended by AESOP Study children had higher indoor PCB concentrations than did homes, and account for the majority of children鈥檚 inhalation exposure.