Circumpolar Trends of PCBs and Organochlorine Pesticides in the Arctic Marine Environment Inferred from Levels in Ringed Seals
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- 作者：Derek Muir ; Frank Riget ; Marianne Cleemann ; Janneche Skaare ; Lars Kleivane ; Haruhiko Nakata ; Rune Dietz ; Torbj
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- 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
- 出版年：2000
- 出版时间：June 15, 2000
- 年：2000
- 卷：34
- 期：12
- 页码：2431 - 2438
- 全文大小：217K
- 年卷期：v.34,no.12(June 15, 2000)
- ISSN：1520-5851
文摘
Geographical trends in levels of 
PCBUB>10 (sum of 10 majorcongeners), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCH), DDT (sumof DDT-related compounds), and other persistent organochlorines (OCs) in ringed seal blubber were examinedat 13 sampling locations in the Arctic over 175 deg longitudefrom northern Canada to the South Kara Sea (YeniseyGulf) in Russia. Concentrations of OCs were adjusted, usinganalysis of covariance, for effects of the covariates, sex,age, and blubber thickness. Adjusted mean concentrationsof PCB10 and DDT were significantly higher in thesamples from the Yenisey Gulf in the Russian Arctic,Svalbard, and East Greenland than in west Greenland orthe Canadian Arctic. PCB10 and DDT in Yenisey Gulf sampleswere 8× and 6× higher, respectively, than the averagein levels from four Canadian locations. PCB10 and DDTmeans declined significantly with increasing westerlylongitude (r 2 = 0.75 and 0.73, respectively). HCH levelsfor sites in the Canadian Arctic were significantly higher thanthose from west Greenland (Qeqertarsuaq), east Greenland(Ittoqqortoormiit), and Svalbard and increased significantlyfrom east to west. The geographical trend HCH is in generalagreement with observed trends of HCH in seawaterwhere higher levels have been found in the Canadian Arctic.Higher proportions of more recalcitrant hexa- andpentachloro-PCB congeners were observed in seal blubbersamples in the European/Russian Arctic. The continueduse of PCBs in electrical equipment and other applicationsin Russia is a likely source of the more highly chlorinatedcongeners.
PCBDDT (sumof DDT-related compounds), and other persistent organochlorines (OCs) in ringed seal blubber were examinedat 13 sampling locations in the Arctic over 175 deg longitudefrom northern Canada to the South Kara Sea (YeniseyGulf) in Russia. Concentrations of OCs were adjusted, usinganalysis of covariance, for effects of the covariates, sex,age, and blubber thickness. Adjusted mean concentrationsof PCB10 and DDT were significantly higher in thesamples from the Yenisey Gulf in the Russian Arctic,Svalbard, and East Greenland than in west Greenland orthe Canadian Arctic. PCB10 and DDT in Yenisey Gulf sampleswere 8× and 6× higher, respectively, than the averagein levels from four Canadian locations. PCB10 and DDTmeans declined significantly with increasing westerlylongitude (r 2 = 0.75 and 0.73, respectively). HCH levelsfor sites in the Canadian Arctic were significantly higher thanthose from west Greenland (Qeqertarsuaq), east Greenland(Ittoqqortoormiit), and Svalbard and increased significantlyfrom east to west. The geographical trend HCH is in generalagreement with observed trends of HCH in seawaterwhere higher levels have been found in the Canadian Arctic.Higher proportions of more recalcitrant hexa- andpentachloro-PCB congeners were observed in seal blubbersamples in the European/Russian Arctic. The continueduse of PCBs in electrical equipment and other applicationsin Russia is a likely source of the more highly chlorinatedcongeners.