Antioxidant Activity of Citrus Limonoids, Flavonoids, and Coumarins

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• 作者：Jun Yu ; Limin Wang ; Rosemary L. Walzem ; Edward G. Miller ; Leonard M. Pike ; and Bhimanagouda S. Patil
• 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
• 出版年：2005
• 出版时间：March 23, 2005
• 年：2005
• 卷：53
• 期：6
• 页码：2009 - 2014
• 全文大小：109K
• 年卷期：v.53,no.6(March 23, 2005)
• ISSN：1520-5118

文摘

A variety of in vitro models such as mages/gifchars/beta2.gif" BORDER=0 ALIGN="middle">-carotene-linoleic acid, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH),superoxide, and hamster low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were used to measure the antioxidant activityof 11 citrus bioactive compounds. The compounds tested included two limonoids, limonin (Lim) andlimonin 17-mages/gifchars/beta2.gif" BORDER=0 ALIGN="middle">-D-glucopyranoside (LG); eight flavonoids, apigenin (Api), scutellarein (Scu), kaempferol(Kae), rutin trihydrate (Rut), neohesperidin (Neh), neoeriocitrin (Nee), naringenin (Ngn), and naringin(Ng); and a coumarin (bergapten). The above compounds were tested at concentration of 10 mages/entities/mgr.gif">M inall four methods. It was found that Lim, LG, and Ber inhibited <7%, whereas Scu, Kae, and Rutinhibited 51.3%, 47.0%, and 44.4%, respectively, using the mages/gifchars/beta2.gif" BORDER=0 ALIGN="middle">-carotene-linoleate model system. Lim,LG, Rut, Scu, Nee, and Kae showed 0.5% 0.25%, 32.2%, 18.3%, 17.2%, and 12.2%, respectively,free radical scavenging activity using the DPPH method. In the superoxide model, Lim, LG, and Berinhibited the production of superoxide radicals by 2.5-10%, while the flavonoids such as Rut, Scu,Nee, and Neh inhibited superoxide formation by 64.1%, 52.1%, 48.3%, and 37.7%, respectively.However, LG did not inhibit LDL oxidation in the hamster LDL model. But, Lim and Ber offered someprotection against LDL oxidation, increasing lag time to 345 min (3-fold) and 160 min (33% increase),respectively, while both Rut and Nee increased lag time to 2800 min (23-fold). Scu and Kae increasedlag time to 2140 min (18-fold) and 1879 min (15.7-fold), respectively. In general, it seems thatflavonoids, which contain a chromanol ring system, had stronger antioxidant activity as compared tolimonoids and bergapten, which lack the hydroxy groups. The present study confirmed that severalstructural features were linked to the strong antioxidant activity of flavonoids. This is the first reporton the antioxidant activity of limonin, limonin glucoside, and neoeriocitrin.Keywords: Antioxidant activity; limonoids; flavonoids; coumarins, citrus paradisi