Structure Control of Nitrogen-Rich Graphene Nanosheets Using Hydrothermal Treatment and Formaldehyde Polymerization for Supercapacitors

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• 作者：Yangyang Wen ; Thomas E. Rufford ; Denisa Hulicova-Jurcakova ; Xiaobo Zhu ; Lianzhou Wang
• 刊名：ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：July 20, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：8
• 期：28
• 页码：18051-18059
• 全文大小：655K
• 年卷期：0
• ISSN：1944-8252

文摘

Nitrogen-rich graphene nanosheets (NGN) with intentionally crumpled, stacked, and cross-linked sheet structures were developed using hydrothermal and/or formaldehyde polymerization processes. It is revealed that the hydrothermal treatment produced crumpled NGN (6.0 at% N) with a high surface area of 383 m²·g^–1. In contrast, the formaldehyde polymerization process yielded stacked NGN (11.3 at% N) with very low surface area. The combination of formaldehyde polymerization synthesis with hydrothermal treatment led to NGN (14.7 at% N) with a cross-linked structure and a moderate surface area of 88 m²·g^–1. Interestingly, this cross-linked NGN exhibited the best electrochemical performance compared with other NGN, with a remarkable specific capacitance of 201 F·g^–1 at 0.05 A·g^–1 in 1 M H₂SO₄ electrolyte, and an excellent retention rate of 96.2% of the initial capacitance after 10 000 charge–discharge cycles at a current density of 5 A·g^–1 was achieved.