Scavenging Amphipods: Sentinels for Penetration of Mercury and Persistent Organic Chemicals into Food Webs of the Deep Arctic Ocean

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• 作者：Terry F. Bidleman ; Gary A. Stern ; Gregg T. Tomy ; Barry T. Hargrave ; Liisa M. Jantunen ; Robie W. Macdonald
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology (ES&T)
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：June 4, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：47
• 期：11
• 页码：5553-5561
• 全文大小：424K
• 年卷期：v.47,no.11(June 4, 2013)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Archived specimens of the scavenging amphipod Eurythenes gryllus, collected from 2075 to 4250 m below the surface on five expeditions to the western and central Arctic Ocean between 1983 and 1998, were analyzed for total mercury (鈭慔g), methyl mercury (MeHg), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and other industrial or byproduct organochlorines (chlorobenzenes, pentachloroanisole, octachlorostyrene), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Median 鈭慔g concentrations ranged from 70 to 366 ng g^鈥? wet weight (ww). MeHg concentrations (3.55 to 23.5 ng g^鈥? ww) accounted for 1.7 to 20.1% (median 3.7%) of 鈭慔g. 鈭慔g and MeHg were positively and significantly correlated with ww (鈭慔g r² = 0.18, p = 0.0004, n = 63; MeHg r² = 0.42, p = 0.0004, n = 25), but not significantly with 未¹³C nor 未¹⁵N. Median concentrations of total persistent organic pollutants (POPs) ranged from 9750 to 156鈥?00 ng g^鈥? lipid weight, with order of abundance: 鈭慣OX (chlorobornanes quantified as technical toxaphene) > 鈭慞CBs > 鈭慏DTs > 鈭慶hlordanes > 鈭憁irex compounds > 鈭態DEs 鈭慶hlorobenzenes octachlorostyrene > 伪-hexachlorocyclohexane hexachlorobenzene pentachloroanisole. Enantioselective accumulation was found for the chiral OCPs o,p鈥?DDT, cis- and trans-chlordane, nonachlor MC6 and oxychlordane. Lipid-normalized POPs concentrations were elevated in amphipods with lipid percentages 鈮?0%, suggesting that utilization of lipids resulted in concentration of POPs in the remaining lipid pool. Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) analysis using log-transformed physiological variables and lipid-normalized organochlorine concentrations distinguished amphipods from the central vs western arctic stations. This distinction was also seen for PCB homologues, whereas profiles of other compound classes were more related to specific stations rather than central-west differences.