Evaluation of Stable Isotope Tracing for ZnO Nanomaterials鈥擭ew Constraints from High Precision Isotope Analyses and Modeling.

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• 作者：Fiona Larner ; Mark Rehk盲mper
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology (ES&T)
• 出版年：2012
• 出版时间：April 3, 2012
• 年：2012
• 卷：46
• 期：7
• 页码：4149-4158
• 全文大小：358K
• 年卷期：v.46,no.7(April 3, 2012)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

This contribution evaluates two possible routes of stable isotope tracing for ZnO nanomaterials. For this we carried out the first high precision Zn isotope analyses of commercially available ZnO nanomaterials, to investigate whether such materials exhibit isotope fractionations that can be exploited for tracing purposes. These measurements revealed Zn isotopic compositions (of 未^66/64Zn = +0.28 to 鈭?.31鈥?relative to JMC Lyon Zn) that are indistinguishable from 鈥渘ormal鈥?natural and anthropogenic Zn in environmental samples. Stable isotope tracing therefore requires the application of purpose-made isotopically enriched ZnO nanoparticles. A detailed evaluation identified the most suitable and cost-effective labeling isotopes for different analytical requirements and techniques. It is shown that, using relatively inexpensive ⁶⁸Zn for labeling, ZnO nanoparticles can be reliably detected in natural samples with a Zn background of 100 渭g/g at concentrations as low as about 5 ng/g, if the isotopic tracing analyses are carried out by high precision mass spectrometry. Stable isotope tracing may also be able to differentiate between the uptake by organisms of particulate ZnO and Zn²⁺ ions from the dissolution of nanoparticles.