Hydrates in the Ocean beneath, around, and above Production Equipment
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- 作者：Karl Anderson ; Gaurav Bhatnagar ; Daniel Crosby ; Greg Hatton ; Philip Manfield ; Adam Kuzmicki ; Nevil Fenwick ; Juan Pontaza ; Moye Wicks ; Scott Socolofsky ; Cole Brady ; Steve Svedeman ; Amadeu K. Sum ; Carolyn Koh ; Jonathan Levine ; Robert P. Warzinski ; Franklin Shaffer
- 刊名：Energy & Fuels
- 出版年：2012
- 出版时间：July 19, 2012
- 年：2012
- 卷：26
- 期：7
- 页码：4167-4176
- 全文大小：584K
- 年卷期：v.26,no.7(July 19, 2012)
- ISSN：1520-5029
文摘
Hydrates amass beneath and around production equipment and can form in hydrocarbon鈥搒eawater jets/plumes. The sources of hydrocarbons in these hydrates are natural seeps or temporary production system leaks. In this paper, some of (i) the formation parameters for these hydrates and (ii) the impacts on normal production operations and hydrocarbon-spill capture systems are discussed.