Measurement of Emissions from Air Pollution Sources. 5. C1-C32 Organic Compounds from Gasoline-Powered Motor Vehicles

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• 作者：James J. Schauer ; Michael J. Kleeman ; Glen R. Cass ; and Bernd R. T. Simoneit
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2002
• 出版时间：March 15, 2002
• 年：2002
• 卷：36
• 期：6
• 页码：1169 - 1180
• 全文大小：139K
• 年卷期：v.36,no.6(March 15, 2002)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Gas- and particle-phase organic compounds present inthe tailpipe emissions from an in-use fleet of gasoline-powered automobiles and light-duty trucks were quantifiedusing a two-stage dilution source sampling system. Thevehicles were driven through the cold-start Federal TestProcedure (FTP) urban driving cycle on a transientdynamometer. Emission rates of 66 volatile hydrocarbons,96 semi-volatile and particle-phase organic compounds,27 carbonyls, and fine particle mass and chemical compositionwere quantified. Six isoprenoids and two tricyclic terpanes,which are quantified using new source samplingtechniques for semi-volatile organic compounds, havebeen identified as potential tracers for gasoline-poweredmotor vehicle emissions. A composite of the commerciallydistributed California Phase II Reformulated Gasolineused in these tests was analyzed by several analyticalmethods to quantify the gasoline composition, includingsome organic compounds that are found in the atmosphereas semi-volatile and particle-phase organic compounds.These results allow a direct comparison of the semi-volatileand particle-phase organic compound emissions fromgasoline-powered motor vehicles to the gasoline burnedby these vehicles. The distribution of n-alkanes andisoprenoids emitted from the catalyst-equipped gasoline-powered vehicles is the same as the distribution of thesecompounds found in the gasoline used, whereas thedistribution of these compounds in the emissions from thenoncatalyst vehicles is very different from the distributionin the fuel. In contrast, the distribution of the polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbons and their methylated homologuesin the gasoline is significantly different from the distributionof the PAH in the tailpipe emissions from both types ofvehicles.