Real-time in situ Raman spectroscopy is used to probe the near-surface structure of
-Mn
2O
3 nanocrystalsduring methane combustion for the first time. A surface phase-transformation from
-Mn
2O
3 to Mn
3O
4-likespecies, as evidenced by the formation of a single band at 648 cm
-1, was observed only at or above 400
Cin the presence of pure He or in the mixture of O
2 + CH
4. This modification is probably due to the loss oflattice oxygen at high temperatures that leads to the surface reconstruction. Very interestingly, a reversiblephase-transformation was observed with decreasing the temperature to 25
C. The phase-change at the near-surface is suggested to be associated with the activating C-H bond of methane.