Preparation of Antibacterial Softwood via Chemical Attachment of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds Using Supercritical CO2
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- 作者：William Z. Xu ; Lijuan Yang ; Paul A. Charpentier
- 刊名：ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：March 7, 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：4
- 期：3
- 页码：1551-1561
- 全文大小：583K
- ISSN：2168-0485
文摘
Conversion of inexpensive and abundant softwood into useful construction materials is of significant economic and environmental importance. The currently available methods for wood treatment are not sufficiently effective to overcome the drawbacks of softwood including warping and biodeterioration. In the present research, a novel process was developed to address these challenges by chemically attaching antibacterial quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) to hemlock using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). Nine QACs containing at least one hydroxyl group were synthesized and characterized by 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and high resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS). The antibacterial activity of these QACs were screened against the representative bacteria Escherichia coli, revealing that the antibacterial activity is dependent on the QAC molecular structure. Two QACs that demonstrated strong antibacterial activity were selected and chemically attached to hemlock by using hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) as a linker via a carbamate/urethane linkage in scCO2. The chemically modified hemlock demonstrated exceptional antibacterial activity and improved dimensional stability, suggesting potential application of this route in the conversion of softwood into advanced durable decking and fencing materials.