We demonstrate that ca. 5 nm nanodiamond particles dramatically improve triglyceride lipid removal from a hydrophobic surface at room temperature using either anionic or nonionic surfactants. We prepare nanodiamond鈥搒urfactant colloids, measure their stability by dynamic light scattering and use quartz crystal microbalance鈥揹issipation, a technique sensitive to surface mass, in order to compare their ability to remove surface鈥揵ound model triglyceride lipid with ionic and nonionic aqueous surfactants at 15鈥?5 掳C. Oxidized, reduced, 蠅-alkylcarboxylic acid, and 蠅-alkylamidoamine surface-modified adducts are prepared, and then characterized by techniques including
13C cross-polarization (CP) magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR. Clear improvement in removal of triglyceride was observed in the presence of nanodiamond, even at 15 掳C, both with nanodiamond鈥搒urfactant colloids, and by prior nanoparticle deposition on interfacial lipid, showing that nanodiamonds are playing a crucial role in the enhancement of the detergency process, providing unique leads in the development of new approaches to low-temperature cleaning.
Keywords:
nanodiamond; tristearin; lipid removal; detergency; surfactant; zeta potential; quartz crystal microbalance (QCM); QCM with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D)