Intraurban Variation of Fine Particle Elemental Concentrations in New York City

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• 作者：Kazuhiko Ito ; Sarah Johnson ; Iyad Kheirbek ; Jane Clougherty ; Grant Pezeshki ; Zev Ross ; Holger Eisl ; Thomas D. Matte
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：July 19, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：50
• 期：14
• 页码：7517-7526
• 全文大小：444K
• 年卷期：0
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Few past studies have collected and analyzed within-city variation of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) elements. We developed land-use regression (LUR) models to characterize spatial variation of 15 PM_2.5 elements collected at 150 street-level locations in New York City during December 2008–November 2009: aluminum, bromine, calcium, copper, iron, potassium, manganese, sodium, nickel, lead, sulfur, silicon, titanium, vanadium, and zinc. Summer- and winter-only data available at 99 locations in the subsequent 3 years, up to November 2012, were analyzed to examine variation of LUR results across years. Spatial variation of each element was modeled in LUR including six major emission indicators: boilers burning residual oil; traffic density; industrial structures; construction/demolition (these four indicators in buffers of 50 to 1000 m), commercial cooking based on a dispersion model; and ship traffic based on inverse distance to navigation path weighted by associated port berth volume. All the elements except sodium were associated with at least one source, with R² ranging from 0.2 to 0.8. Strong source-element associations, persistent across years, were found for residual oil burning (nickel, zinc), near-road traffic (copper, iron, and titanium), and ship traffic (vanadium). These emission source indicators were also significant and consistent predictors of PM_2.5 concentrations across years.