Characteristics of Metals in Nano/Ultrafine/Fine/Coarse Particles Collected Beside a Heavily Trafficked Road
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- 作者：Chih-Chung Lin ; Shui-Jen Chen ; and ; Kuo-Lin Huang ; Wen-Ing Hwang ; Guo-Ping Chang-Chien ; and Wen-Yinn Lin
- 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
- 出版年：2005
- 出版时间：November 1, 2005
- 年：2005
- 卷：39
- 期：21
- 页码：8113 - 8122
- 全文大小：411K
- 年卷期：v.39,no.21(November 1, 2005)
- ISSN：1520-5851
文摘
Fine particles emitted from vehicles have adverse healtheffects because of their sizes and chemical compositions.Therefore, this study attempted to characterize themetals in nano (0.010 < Dp < 0.056 
m), ultrafine (Dp <0.1 m), fine (Dp < 2.5 m), and coarse (2.5 < Dp < 10 m)particles collected near a busy road using a micro-orifice uniform deposition impactor (MOUDI) and a Nano-MOUDI. The nano particles were found to contain moreof traffic-related metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ba, and Ni) thanparticles of other sizes, although crustal metals accountedfor over 90% of all the particulate metals. Most crustalmetals, Ba, Ni, Pb, and Zn in ultrafine particles displayedAitken modes due to their local origins. The Ag, Cd, Cr, Ni,Pb, Sb, V, and Zn were 37, 50, 28, 30, 24, 64, 38, and 22%by mass, respectively, in <0.1-m particles, with submicronmass median diameters (MMDs) in PM0.01-18 (except Zn)(particularly the <0.1-m MMDs for Cd and Sb). These levelsraise potential health issues. Particle-bound Zn wasmore abundant in the accumulation mode than in thenucleation/condensation mode, but the opposite was truefor Ag, Cd, and Sb. The Ag, Ba, Cd, Pb, Sb, V, and Zncontents in nano particles were strongly associated withdiesel fuel, while the Cu, Mn, and Sr in particles <0.1 mwere more strongly associated with gasoline. The highcontent of Si in nano particles, more associated with dieselsoot than with gasoline exhaust, is another healthconcern.
m), ultrafine (Dp <0.1 m), fine (Dp < 2.5 m), and coarse (2.5 < Dp < 10 m)particles collected near a busy road using a micro-orifice uniform deposition impactor (MOUDI) and a Nano-MOUDI. The nano particles were found to contain moreof traffic-related metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ba, and Ni) thanparticles of other sizes, although crustal metals accountedfor over 90% of all the particulate metals. Most crustalmetals, Ba, Ni, Pb, and Zn in ultrafine particles displayedAitken modes due to their local origins. The Ag, Cd, Cr, Ni,Pb, Sb, V, and Zn were 37, 50, 28, 30, 24, 64, 38, and 22%by mass, respectively, in <0.1-m particles, with submicronmass median diameters (MMDs) in PM0.01-18 (except Zn)(particularly the <0.1-m MMDs for Cd and Sb). These levelsraise potential health issues. Particle-bound Zn wasmore abundant in the accumulation mode than in thenucleation/condensation mode, but the opposite was truefor Ag, Cd, and Sb. The Ag, Ba, Cd, Pb, Sb, V, and Zncontents in nano particles were strongly associated withdiesel fuel, while the Cu, Mn, and Sr in particles <0.1 mwere more strongly associated with gasoline. The highcontent of Si in nano particles, more associated with dieselsoot than with gasoline exhaust, is another healthconcern.