Passive Air Sampling of Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Organochlorine Compounds, and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers Across Asia
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- 作者：Foday M. Jaward ; Gan Zhang ; Jae Jak Nam ; Andrew J. Sweetman ; Jeffrey P. Obbard ; Yuso Kobara ; and Kevin C. Jones
- 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
- 出版年：2005
- 出版时间：November 15, 2005
- 年：2005
- 卷：39
- 期：22
- 页码：8638 - 8645
- 全文大小：458K
- 年卷期：v.39,no.22(November 15, 2005)
- ISSN：1520-5851
文摘
Asia is of global importance economically, yet data onambient persistent organic pollutant levels are still sparsefor the region, despite international efforts under theStockholm Convention to identify and reduce emissions. Alarge-scale passive air sampling survey was thereforeconducted in Asia, specifically in China, Japan, South Korea,and Singapore. Polyurethane foam disks were deployedsimultaneously at 77 sites, between Sept 21 and Nov 16, 2004,and analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs),organochlorine compounds (hexachlorobenzene (HCB),dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), chlordane), andpolybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The meteorologicalconditions prevailing in the region at this time facilitatedthe assessment of local/regional differences in atmosphericemissions, because large-scale advection effects due tomonsoons or dust storms did not occur. Air concentrationsestimated assuming an average sampler uptake rate of3.5 m3/day ranged as follows (pg m-3): PCBs, 5-340; HCB,10-460; DDTs, 0.4-1800; chlordanes, 1-660; PBDEs, <0.13-340. South Korea and Singapore generally had regionallylow concentrations. Elevated concentrations of PCBs, DDTs,and HCB occurred at sites in China, higher than reportedin a similar recent sampling campaign in Europe.Chlordane was highest in samples from Japan (whichalso had elevated levels of PCBs and DDTs) and was alsoelevated in some Chinese locations. PBDE levels weregenerally low in the region.