Polycrystalline samples and single crystals of R
16Mo
21O
56 compounds (R = La, Ce, Pr, and Nd) were synthesizedby solid-state reactions at high temperature in sealed Mo crucibles. The structure of La
16Mo
21O
56 was determinedby single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. It crystallizes in a monoclinic lattice,
P2
1/
c, with
a = 13.532(2) Å,
b = 13.464(1) Å,
c = 13.447(1) Å,
= 99.681(7)
, and
Z = 2. It is isostructural to Ce
16Mo
21O
56 and Nd
16Mo
21O
56 previously reported. The R
16Mo
21O
56 compounds contain bioctahedral Mo
10 clusters and MoO
6octahedral units linked together via oxygen bridges. Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate that the oxidationstate of the single Mo atoms is +4 and that of the Ce and Pr atoms is +3, affording 30 metallic valence electronsto the Mo
10 nonmagnetic clusters. Such an electron count per Mo
10 cluster is confirmed by molecular calculationsperformed on an isolated Mo
10 cluster unit. Resistivity measurements and extented Hückel tight-bindingcalculations show that the R
16Mo
21O
56 compounds are insulating materials.