Injectable Contraception: Current Practices and Future Trends

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• 作者：Kristen Wolfe (1)
  Catherine Cansino (1)
  
  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology ; University of California ; Davis ; 4860 Y Street ; Suite 2500 ; Sacramento ; CA ; 95817 ; USA
  
• 关键词：Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate ; DMPA ; Injectable contraception ; Progestin ; only injectable ; NET ; EN ; Mesigyna ; Cyclofem ; Family planning
• 刊名：Current Obstetrics and Gynecology Reports
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：March 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：4
• 期：1
• 页码：26-36
• 全文大小：926 KB
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• 刊物主题：Obstetrics/Perinatology; Maternal and Child Health; Medicine/Public Health, general; Oncology;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：2161-3303

文摘

Injectable contraception includes progestin-only and combined estrogen and progestin agents that provide safe and highly effective birth control for one to three months. Injectable agents are widely available and play an important role in family planning programs worldwide. Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, available for intramuscular injection and subcutaneous injection, is the best known and most broadly distributed injectable contraceptive agent, and is an ideal agent for women who have contraindications to estrogen use. Despite their effectiveness, progestin-only injectables are associated with high rates of discontinuation due to bothersome side effects including abnormal bleeding, health controversies including decreased bone mineral density, and increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus acquisition. Injectables do offer non-contraceptive benefits including symptom control related to endometriosis and fibroids, and decreased risk of endometrial cancer. Research is ongoing to determine new injectable hormone formulations that provide longer-acting contraceptive protection and fewer side effects.