Changes in irrigation management and quantity and quality of drainage water in a traditional irrigated land

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• 作者：I. García-Garizabal (1)
  J. Causapé (1)
  R. Abrahao (2)
  
• 关键词：Irrigation return flows ; Electrical conductivity ; Nitrate ; Trend analysis
• 刊名：Environmental Earth Sciences
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：July 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：72
• 期：1
• 页码：233-242
• 全文大小：
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• 作者单位：I. García-Garizabal (1)
  J. Causapé (1)
  R. Abrahao (2)
  
  1. Instituto Geológico y Minero de Espa?a (IGME), C/ Manuel Lasala no 44; 9° B, 50006, Zaragoza, Spain
  2. Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Center of Alternative and Renewable Energy, Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Cidade Universitária, Jo?o Pessoa, Paraíba, 58051-900, Brazil
  
• ISSN：1866-6299

文摘

Irrigated agriculture allows for the increase of agrarian yields and stability in food supply and raw materials, being, at the same time, responsible for the reduction of water resources availability and for the pollution by salts and nitrate. This work aims to analyze the impact of changes in irrigation management (establishment of an on-demand flood irrigated system, assignment of irrigation allowances and water payment for surface and irrigation water consumption) in a traditional irrigated land on drainage flow, electrical conductivity and nitrate concentration in irrigation return flows between the year 2001 and the period 2005-008. Changes in water management significantly modified quantity (lower drainage) and quality (electrical conductivity and nitrate) of irrigation return flows, keeping similar evolution paths during the year with water ameliorants in summer due to the use of good irrigation water quality. Salinity in irrigation return flows is not a current problem in the area as electrical conductivity values in water did not exceed the limit established for water used in irrigation or intended for human consumption. Despite the fact that changes in irrigation management and crop distribution have reduced nitrate concentrations in irrigation return flows by 43?%, the water still presents nitrate values exceeding the 50?mg NO3 ?/sup>/l. Thus, nitrate remains as the main agro-environmental problem in this irrigation area. However, the nitrate concentration trends detected in this work mark the possibility of reaching nitrate values below 50?mg NO3 ?/sup>/l in the case of maintenance of the conditions in this agricultural system.