Toxicity, monitoring and biodegradation of the fungicide carbendazim
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- 作者：Simranjeet Singh ; Nasib Singh ; Vijay Kumar…
- 关键词：Carbendazim ; Fungicide ; Soil microorganisms ; Biodegradation ; Monitoring
- 刊名：Environmental Chemistry Letters
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：September 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：14
- 期：3
- 页码：317-329
- 全文大小：635 KB
- 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
- 刊物主题：Earth sciences
Geochemistry
Analytical Chemistry
Biochemistry
Monitoring, Environmental Analysis and Environmental Ecotoxicology
Soil Science and Conservation
Waste Water Technology, Water Pollution Control, Water Management and Aquatic Pollution - 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
- ISSN：1610-3661
- 卷排序：14
文摘
The increasing use of toxic pesticides is a major environmental concern. Carbendazim is a systemic fungicide having wide applications for controlling fungal diseases in agriculture, forestry and veterinary medicines. Carbendazim is a major pollutant detectable in food, soil and water. Carbendazim extensive and repeated use induces acute and delayed toxic effects on humans, invertebrates, aquatic life forms and soil microorganisms. Here, we review the pollution, non-target toxicity and microbial degradation of carbendazim for crop and veterinary purposes. We found that carbendazim causes embryotoxicity, apoptosis, teratogenicity, infertility, hepatocellular dysfunction, endocrine-disrupting effects, disruption of haematological functions, mitotic spindle abnormalities, mutagenic and aneugenic effect. We also found that carbendazim disrupted the microbial community structure in various ecosystems. The detection of carbendazim in soil and reservoir sites is performed by spectroscopic, chromatographic, voltammetric, nanoparticles, carbon electrodes and mass spectrometry. A review of the degradation of carbendazim shows that carbendazim undergoes partial to complete biodegradation in the soil and water by Azospirillum, Aeromonas, Alternaria, Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Nocardioides, Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, Rhodococcus, Sphingomonas, Streptomyces and Trichoderma.