Recent scientific and operational achievements of D/V Chikyu

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• 作者：Asahiko Taira ; Sean Toczko ; Nobu Eguchi ; Shin’ichi Kuramoto…
• 关键词：Chikyu ; CDEX ; JAMSTEC ; Tohoku earthquake ; JFAST ; NanTroSEIZE ; Shimokita coal beds ; Iheya hydrothermal field
• 刊名：Geoscience Letters
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：December 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：1
• 期：1
• 全文大小：5893KB
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  10.Fujiwara T, Kodaira S, No T, Kaiho Y, Takahashi N, Kaneda Y: The 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake: displacement reaching the trench axis. Science 2011, 334:1240. doi:10.1126/science.1211554CrossRef
  11.Kodaira S, No T, Nakamura Y, Fujiwara T, Kaiho T, Miura S, Takahashi N, Kaneda Y, Taira A: Coseismic fault rupture at the trench axis during the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake. Nat Geosci 2012, 5:646-50. doi:10.1038/NGEO1547CrossRef
  12.Fulton PM, Harris RN, Saffer DM, Brodsky EE: Does hydrologic circulation mask frictional heat on faults after large earthquakes? J Geophys Res 2010,115(B9):B09402. doi:10.1029/2009JB007103
  13.Chester FM, Mori JJ, Toczko S, Eguchi N, the Expedition 343/343T Scientists: Japan Trench Fast Drilling Project (JFAST). IODP Prel. Rept 2012. 343/343T. doi:10.2204/iodp.pr.343343T.2012
  14.Fulton PM, Brodsky EE, Kano Y, Mori J, Chester F, Ishikawa T, Harris RN, Lin W, Eguchi N, Toczko S, and the Expedition 343, 343T, and KR13-8 Scientists: Low coseismic friction on the Tohoku-oki fault determined from temperature measurements. Science 2013,342(6163):1214-217. doi:10.1126/science.1243641CrossRef
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• 作者单位：Asahiko Taira (3)
  Sean Toczko (3)
  Nobu Eguchi (3)
  Shin’ichi Kuramoto (3)
  Yusuke Kubo (3)
  Wataru Azuma (3)
  
  3. Center for Deep Earth Exploration, Japan Agency of Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 3173-25 Showa-machi, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0001, Japan
  
• 刊物类别：Earth Sciences, general; Atmospheric Sciences; Geophysics/Geodesy; Oceanography; Planetology; Biogeo
• 刊物主题：Earth Sciences, general; Atmospheric Sciences; Geophysics/Geodesy; Oceanography; Planetology; Biogeosciences;
• 出版者：Springer International Publishing
• ISSN：2196-4092

文摘

The D/V Chikyu, a scientific drilling vessel, is equipped with industry-standard riser capabilities. Riser drilling technology enables remarkable drilling and downhole logging capabilities and provides unprecedented hole-stability, enabling the shipboard team to retrieve high-quality wire-line logging data as well as well-preserved core samples. The 11 March 2011 Tohoku Oki mega-earthquake and tsunami cost over 18,000 casualties in NE Japan. Chikyu, docked in the Port of Hachinohe, was damaged by the tsunami. By April 2012, the ship was back in operation; drilling the toe of the Japan Trench fault zone where topographic surveys suggested there was up to 50 m eastward motion, the largest earthquake rupture ever recorded. During Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expeditions 343 and 343 T, Chikyu drilled 850 m below sea floor (mbsf) in 6,900+ m water depth and recovered core samples of a highly brecciated shear zone composed of pelagic claystone. A subseafloor observatory looking for temperature signatures caused by the fault friction during the earthquake, was installed and later successfully recovered. The recovered temperature loggers recorded data from which the level of friction during the mega-earthquake slip could be determined. Following Exp. 343, Chikyu began IODP Exp. 337, a riser drilling expedition into the Shimokita coal beds off Hachinohe, to study the deep subsurface biosphere in sedimentary units including Paleogene-Neogene coal beds. New records in scientific ocean drilling were achieved in deepest penetration (drilling reached 2,466 mbsf) and sample recovery. Currently Chikyu is conducting deep riser drilling at the Nankai Trough in the final stage of the NanTroSEIZE campaign. During the years 2011 to 2013, including drilling in the Okinawa Hydrothermal System, Chikyu’s operational and scientific achievements have demonstrated that the ship’s capabilities are vital for opening new frontiers in earth and biological sciences. Keywords Chikyu CDEX JAMSTEC Tohoku earthquake JFAST NanTroSEIZE Shimokita coal beds Iheya hydrothermal field