An effective poly(p-phenylenevinylene) polymer adhesion route toward three-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube/reduced graphene oxide composite for direct electrocatalytic oxygen reduction

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• 作者：Yu Fu ; Chungui Tian ; Fangyuan Liu ; Lei Wang ; Haijing Yan ; Bai Yang
• 关键词：three dimensional ; graphene/carbon nanotube ; nitrogen ; doped ; electrocatalysis ; oxygen reduction
• 刊名：Nano Research
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：November 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：9
• 期：11
• 页码：3364-3376
• 全文大小：3,282 KB
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Chinese Library of Science
  Chemistry
  Nanotechnology
  
• 出版者：Tsinghua University Press, co-published with Springer-Verlag GmbH
• ISSN：1998-0000
• 卷排序：9

文摘

Heteroatom-doped nanocarbons have excellent potential for use in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, construction of three-dimensional (3D) N-doped carbon materials with good electrocatalytic performance remains a challenge. Herein, a poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV)-precursor adhesion route was developed for construction of 3D N-doped reduced graphene oxide-PPV calcined-carbon nanotubes (N-RGO-PPV(c)-CNTs). In the synthesis, the PPV-precursor plays the role of a “glue” for strong adhesion of the RGO and CNTs. At high temperature, PPV can undergo transformation from the glassy state to a viscous state. Thus, the N-RGO-PPV(c)-CNT composite with multi-porous structure and ridge-like folded graphene flakes could be formed during nitridation at high temperature, which was favorable for production of more active sites for the ORR. As an ORR catalyst, the N-RGO-PPV(c)-CNT composites exhibited superior catalytic activity in alkaline electrolyte. The obtained onset potential (E_onset) of 0.92 V and catalytic current density of 5.7 mA·cm–2 at 0.6 V (vs. RHE) are comparable to those of the 20% Pt/C composite (0.98 V and 5.2 mA·cm–2). The electron transfer number for the N-RGO-PPV(c)-CNT catalyst was about 3.99, which is close to that of the 20% Pt/C (4.01) catalyst. Notably, the optimal N-RGO-PPV(c)-CNT catalyst shows better durability and methanol tolerance than commercial 20% Pt/C. The good performance of the N-RGO-PPV(c)-CNT catalyst for the ORR may be attributed to the synergistic effects of the unique 3D structure for effective mass-transfer, the effective N-doping for production of more active sites, and the good contact between the RGO and CNTs for easy charge-transfer.