Encapsulation and Stabilization of β-Carotene in Amaranth Matrices Obtained by Dry and Wet Assisted Ball Milling

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• 作者：Diego F. Roa ; M. Pilar Buera ; Marcela P. Tolaba…
• 关键词：Encapsulating agent ; β ; Carotene ; Amaranth starch ; Amaranth flour ; Planetary ball milling ; Thermal degradation
• 刊名：Food and Bioprocess Technology
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：March 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：10
• 期：3
• 页码：512-521
• 全文大小：
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Food Science; Chemistry/Food Science, general; Agriculture; Biotechnology;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1935-5149
• 卷排序：10

文摘

Amaranth starchy fractions have recently awakened interest from the industry, mainly due to its potential functional characteristics. The encapsulating efficiencies of starch-enriched fraction (SEF) and native starch (NS) obtained, respectively, by dry and wet assisted ball milling were studied. The effects of high impact milling, gelatin addition, and storage temperature (5–45 °C, 45 days) on the retention of β-carotene were investigated. Significant effects of both milling and amaranth protein present in SEF matrix on emulsification and subsequent retention of β-carotene were found. Ball milled SEF matrix showed the best encapsulation performance, with up to three times of total β-carotene content in comparison with the NS-containing matrices. Degradation of surface and encapsulated β-carotene followed a first-order kinetic model and was strongly influenced by storage temperature. The activation energy of surface β-carotene degradation doubled that of encapsulated β-carotene (86 vs. 48 kJ/mol, respectively). This difference indicates that encapsulated β-carotene is more stable to temperature changes than surface β-carotene and revealed the protective capability of the SEF matrix even at high temperatures. The color coordinates a* and L* for samples stored at 25 and 45 °C positively correlated with the remaining β-carotene, revealing the potentiality of color measurement as an adequate index of β-carotene retention. The starch-enriched amaranth fraction modified by high impact milling showed a high technological potential as an encapsulating agent and its own protein content served as a good emulsifier-stabilizer.