Parent-Endorsed Sex Differences in Toddlers with and Without ASD: Utilizing the M-CHAT
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- 作者：Roald A. Øien ; Logan Hart ; Synnve Schjølberg…
- 关键词：Sex differences ; Gender differences ; Behavior ; Autistic traits ; m ; Chat ; Identification
- 刊名：Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- 出版年：2017
- 出版时间：January 2017
- 年：2017
- 卷：47
- 期：1
- 页码：126-134
- 全文大小：748KB
- 刊物类别：Behavioral Science
- 刊物主题：Child and School Psychology; Pediatrics; Neurosciences; Public Health;
- 出版者：Springer US
- ISSN：1573-3432
- 卷排序：47
文摘
Sex differences in typical development can provide context for understanding ASD. Baron-Cohen (Trends Cogn Sci 6(6):248–254, 2002) suggested ASD could be considered an extreme expression of normal male, compared to female, phenotypic profiles. In this paper, sex-specific M-CHAT scores from N = 53,728 18-month-old toddlers, including n = 185 (32 females) with ASD, were examined. Results suggest a nuanced view of the “extreme male brain theory of autism”. At an item level, almost every male versus female disadvantage in the broader population was consistent with M-CHAT vulnerabilities in ASD. However, controlling for total M-CHAT failures, this male disadvantage was more equivocal and many classically ASD-associated features were found more common in non-ASD. Within ASD, females showed relative strengths in joint attention, but impairments in imitation.