Low-protein diets affect ileal amino acid digestibility and gene expression of digestive enzymes in growing and finishing pigs

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• 作者：Liuqin He ; Li Wu ; Zhiqi Xu ; Tiejun Li ; Kang Yao ; Zhijie Cui ; Yulong Yin…
• 关键词：Low nitrogen ; Crude protein ; Amino acid ; Digestive enzyme ; Pig
• 刊名：Amino Acids
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：48
• 期：1
• 页码：21-30
• 全文大小：476 KB
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• 作者单位：Liuqin He (1) (2)
  Li Wu (1) (2)
  Zhiqi Xu (3)
  Tiejun Li (1)
  Kang Yao (1)
  Zhijie Cui (1) (2)
  Yulong Yin (1)
  Guoyao Wu (4)
  
  1. Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
  2. University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10008, China
  3. Software Department, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, Jiangxi, China
  4. Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Biochemistry
  Analytical Chemistry
  Biochemical Engineering
  Life Sciences
  Proteomics
  Neurobiology
  
• 出版者：Springer Wien
• ISSN：1438-2199

文摘

The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of dietary crude protein (CP) intake on ileal amino acid digestibilities and expression of genes for digestive enzymes in growing and finishing pigs. In Experiment 1, 18 growing pigs (average initial BW = 36.5 kg) were assigned randomly into one of three treatments (n = 6/treatment group) representing normal (18 % CP), low (15 % CP), and very low (12 % CP) protein intake. In Experiment 2, 18 finishing pigs (average initial BW = 62.3 kg) were allotted randomly into one of three treatments (n = 6/treatment group), representing normal (16 % CP), low (13 % CP) and very low (10 % CP) protein intake. In both experiments, diets with low and very low CP were supplemented with crystalline amino acids to achieve equal content of standardized ileal digestible Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp, and were provided to pigs ad libitum. Daily feed intake, BW, and feed/gain ratios were determined. At the end of each experiment, all pigs were slaughtered to collect pancreas, small-intestine samples, and terminal ileal chymes. Samples were used for determining expression of genes for digestive enzymes and ileal amino acid digestibilities. Growing pigs fed the 12 % CP and 15 % CP diets had lower final body weight (P < 0.01) and ADG (P < 0.0001) when compared with pigs fed the 18 % dietary CP diet. Growing pigs fed with the 12 % CP diet showed higher digestibilities for CP (P < 0.05), DM (P < 0.05), Lys (P < 0.0001), Met (P < 0.01), Cys (P < 0.01), Thr (P < 0.01), Trp (P < 0.05), Val (P < 0.05), Phe (P < 0.05), Ala (P < 0.05), Cys (P < 0.01), and Gly (P < 0.05) than those fed the 18 % CP diet. Finishing pigs fed the 16 % CP diet had a higher (P < 0.01) final body weight than those fed the 10 % CP diet. mRNA levels for digestive enzymes (trypsinogen, chymotrypsin B, and dipeptidases-II and III) differed among the three groups of pigs (P < 0.05), and no difference was noted in the genes expression between control group and lower CP group. These results indicated that a reduction of dietary CP by a six-percentage value limited the growth performance of growing–finishing pigs and that a low-protein diet supplemented with deficient amino acids could reduce the excretion of nitrogen into the environment without affecting weight gain. Keywords Low nitrogen Crude protein Amino acid Digestive enzyme Pig