Beneficial effects of benthic diatoms on growth and physiological performance in juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka)

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Xi Xie ; Wen Zhao ; Miao Yang ; Shuxuan Zhao ; Jie Wei
• 关键词：Digestive enzyme ; Holothuroidea ; Immune enzyme ; Navicula ; Nitzschia
• 刊名：Aquaculture International
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：25
• 期：1
• 页码：287-302
• 全文大小：
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Freshwater & Marine Ecology; Zoology;
• 出版者：Springer International Publishing
• ISSN：1573-143X
• 卷排序：25

文摘

Benthic diatoms are considered a key dietary component, particularly for early juvenile sea cucumber. Physiological effects of benthic diatoms on growth of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (2.55 g, average initial wet body weight) fed with a formulated diet (the control), Navicula sp., Nitzschia sp., and a mixture of both species (1:1 dry weight) were evaluated. Frozen-thawed diatom paste served as feed for juvenile sea cucumber. All animals exhibited active feeding behavior and diatom frustules occurred in their feces. Our results revealed that specific growth rates (SGRs) of juvenile sea cucumber fed on benthic diatoms were higher than those of the control. The highest SGR (1.41 ± 0.30 % day−1) was found in juvenile sea cucumber fed on Navicula sp. and the SGR of juveniles fed on Nitzschia sp. came second (0.73 ± 0.10 % day−1), showing no significant difference with that of mixed diatoms (0.72 ± 0.12 % day−1). Based on activity of intestine digestive enzyme and coelomic fluid immune enzyme, juveniles fed on Navicula sp. contained higher levels of amylase, protease, and lipase, as well as lysozyme, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and superoxide dismutase in the late growth stage than those in the early growth stage, while their protease, amylase, alkaline phosphatase, and catalase activity was significantly higher than that of the control. These results indicated that the benthic diatom Navicula sp. had a positive effect on growth of juvenile sea cucumber probably by enhancing digestive and immune enzyme activities. This information could assist in the development of appropriate diets and feed ingredients for cultured holothurians.