Arctic catchment as a sensitive indicator of the environmental changes: distribution and migration of metals (Svalbard)
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- 作者：K. Kozak ; Ż. Polkowska ; Ł. Stachnik ; B. Luks…
- 关键词：Arctic ; Trace elements ; Metals ; TOC ; Svalbard ; Volcanic eruption
- 刊名：International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：December 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：13
- 期：12
- 页码：2779-2796
- 全文大小：7,093 KB
- 刊物主题：Environment, general; Environmental Science and Engineering; Environmental Chemistry; Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution; Soil Science & Conservation; Ecotoxicology;
- 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
- ISSN：1735-2630
- 卷排序：13
文摘
Arctic regions experience metal pollution, despite their remote location, and the distribution and migration of those metals determine their potential impact on the local environment. Here, a High-Arctic catchment (Revelva, Svalbard) located remotely from human-induced pollution sources is studied with respect to the distribution and migration of chosen trace elements (Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Bi, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Cs, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sr, Tl, U, V and Zn) in surface waters. The metal concentrations fluctuated in 2010–2012 between 0.01 and 354 μg L−1, the highest mean-weighted concentration noted for Sr (42.5 μg L−1). The concentrations in the river water were likely influenced by both natural and human-activity-related processes. These factors can produce substances of the same chemical composition (e.g. carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide and metals may be emitted both by a volcanic eruption and by industrial sources). Therefore, chemometric techniques were used in the current paper to distinguish the multiple sources of pollution in the Revelva catchment. The authors were seeking to determine whether there is indeed evidence for contamination, sufficient to cause environmental damage in polar region. As a result, it was shown that the long-range transport could play an important role in shaping the metal concentration profile of this Arctic tundra environment, capturing both the influence of volcanic eruptions within the region and the human activity in a range of distances from the study site.