Interaction of biomedical nanoparticles with the pulmonary immune system

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• 作者：Fabian Blank ; Kleanthis Fytianos ; Emilie Seydoux…
• 关键词：Biomedical nanoparticles ; Immune ; modulation ; Specific targeting ; Pulmonary antigen presenting cells ; In vivo models
• 刊名：Journal of Nanobiotechnology
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：December 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：15
• 期：1
• 全文大小：1199KB
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Biotechnology; Nanotechnology; Molecular Medicine;
• 出版者：BioMed Central
• ISSN：1477-3155
• 卷排序：15

文摘

Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) offer site-specific delivery, deposition and cellular uptake due to their unique physicochemical properties and were shown to modulate immune responses. The respiratory tract with its vast surface area is an attractive target organ for innovative immunomodulatory therapeutic applications by pulmonary administration of such NPs, enabling interactions with resident antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells and macrophages. Depending on the respiratory tract compartment, e.g. conducting airways, lung parenchyma, or lung draining lymph nodes, APCs extensively vary in their number, morphology, phenotype, and function. Unique characteristics and plasticity render APC populations ideal targets for inhaled specific immunomodulators. Modulation of immune responses may operate in different steps of the immune cell-antigen interaction, i.e. antigen uptake, trafficking, processing, and presentation to T cells. Meticulous analysis of the immunomodulatory potential, as well as pharmacologic and biocompatibility testing of inhalable NPs is required to develop novel strategies for the treatment of respiratory disorders such as allergic asthma. The safe-by-design and characterization of such NPs requires well coordinated interdisciplinary research uniting engineers, chemists biologists and respiratory physicians. In this review we will focus on in vivo data available to facilitate the design of nanocarrier-based strategies using NPs to modulate pulmonary immune responses.