Soybean (Glycine max) plants genetically modified to express resistance to glyphosate: can they modify airborne signals in tritrophic interactions?

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• 作者：Priscila Strapasson ; Delia M. Pinto-Zevallos ; Paulo H. G. Zarbin
• 关键词：Glyphosate ; Induced defenses ; Tritrophic interactions ; GMOs ; Shikimic acid pathway
• 刊名：Chemoecology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：26
• 期：1
• 页码：7-14
• 全文大小：506 KB
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• 作者单位：Priscila Strapasson (1)
  Delia M. Pinto-Zevallos (1) (2)
  Paulo H. G. Zarbin (1)
  
  1. Laboratório de Semioquímicos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Paraná, P.O. Box 19081, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-980, Brazil
  2. Laboratório de Entomologia, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Marechal Rondon, s/n Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, SE, CEP 49100-000, Brazil
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Ecology
  Nature Conservation
  
• 出版者：Birkh盲user Basel
• ISSN：1423-0445

文摘

Upon herbivory, plants activate complex biochemical pathways that result in an array of defense responses including the emission of a novel blend of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These compounds mediate the recruitment of predators and parasitoids that exert biological control of the attacking herbivore. Genetic manipulation of a particular trait to improve agricultural plant varieties may affect other traits as a result of possible pleiotropy or insertional mutations, which in turn can affect the interaction of the plant with other organisms. Changes in herbivore-induced VOC emissions are known to occur in transgenic plants engineered to express resistance to insects (mainly Bt-plants), not only as a result of modified insect behavior but also as a result of altered resource allocation. Transgenic glyphosate-resistant plants express a variant of the enzyme EPSPS (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase) that is insensitive to the herbicide glyphosate. This enzyme is essential in metabolic routes that result in the synthesis of amino acids and secondary metabolites. We addressed whether the constitutive and Anticarsia gemmatalis-induced emissions of VOCs from a transgenic soybean line differ from those of the isoline, and whether changes may interfere in the foraging behavior of the predatory bug Podisus nigrispinus. Analyses showed that both herbivory and genotype influenced VOC emissions. In addition, the genotype affected the herbivore-induced VOC emission. Larger emissions were measured in the transgenic line than the non-transgenic line upon herbivory. The bioassays showed that P. nigrispinus significantly discriminated only between the odors of undamaged and damaged plants of the non-transgenic line. No preference was observed for herbivore-damaged plants of any of the two lines over the other. The results from this study suggest that despite a greater emission of volatiles the predators are less able to discriminate between herbivore-damaged and undamaged transgenic plants. This condition does not necessarily increase the preference of the predator for damaged non-transgenic plants over transgenic plants. This study opens possibilities for new studies of chemical ecology in tritrophic systems to assess the effect of transgenic glyphosate-resistant plants. Keywords Glyphosate Induced defenses Tritrophic interactions GMOs Shikimic acid pathway