Successional Changes in Carbon Stocks After Logging and Deforestation for Agriculture in Interior Alaska: Implications for Boreal Climate Feedbacks
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- 作者：J. M. Grünzweig ; D. W. Valentine ; F. S. Chapin III
- 关键词：agricultural cultivation ; Alaska boreal forest ; clearcut logging ; deforestation ; land ; use change ; organic carbon stocks ; permafrost ; Picea glauca ; Picea mariana ; soil nitrogen
- 刊名：Ecosystems
- 出版年：2015
- 出版时间：January 2015
- 年：2015
- 卷：18
- 期：1
- 页码：132-145
- 全文大小：447 KB
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16. Hayes DJ, McGuire AD, Kicklighter DW, Burnside TJ, Melillo JM. 2011. The effects of land cover and land use change on the contemporary carbon balance of the Arctic and boreal terrestrial ecosystems of Northern - 作者单位：J. M. Grünzweig (1)
D. W. Valentine (2)
F. S. Chapin III (3)
1. Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
2. Department of Forest Science, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99775, USA
3. Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99775, USA - 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
- 刊物主题：Life Sciences
Ecology
Plant Sciences
Zoology
Environmental Management
Geoecology and Natural Processes
Nature Conservation - 出版者：Springer New York
- ISSN：1435-0629
文摘
The large boreal carbon (C) stocks in Alaska are vulnerable to losses from disturbance, such as clearcut logging and deforestation for agricultural development. Here we investigated impacts of logging in uplands and agricultural deforestation in lowlands on C and nitrogen (N) stocks in Interior Alaska, using chronosequences, and synthesized results from other studies in the boreal region. Two years after logging, ecosystem C stocks in upland forests were reduced by 11?kg?m? (46% of the original ecosystem C stock), mainly as a consequence of stem removal. Soil C and N stocks increased over the first few years after logging, but returned to pre-harvest levels during the following decades to century. Studies across the boreal region showed that mean initial C loss was four times greater, but long-term C cycling was similar in logged as compared to burned forests. Agricultural development in Alaskan lowlands permanently reduced ecosystem C stocks, reaching losses of 11?kg?m? (34% of the ecosystem C stock) on non-permafrost soils after several decades and 31?kg?m? (69%) on permafrost soils over 6?years. These C losses are much more rapid than the 5-?kg?m? over 500?years that models project to be lost by warming or warming-plus-wildfire in lowland boreal forests. If economic incentives and climate warming augment boreal land-use change in lowlands because of improved agricultural opportunities and performance, this could magnify warming-induced C loss and amplify climate warming. These impacts can be reduced by conserving permafrost-dominated sites for C storage and focusing agriculture on permafrost-free sites.