Interfacial Properties of Saponin Extracts and Their Impact on Foam Characteristics

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• 作者：Sandra Böttcher ; Stephan Drusch
• 关键词：Foam analysis ; Saponin ; Botanical origin ; Short ; term adsorption ; Interfacial tension ; Natural surfactant
• 刊名：Food Biophysics
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：March 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：11
• 期：1
• 页码：91-100
• 全文大小：1,046 KB
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• 作者单位：Sandra Böttcher (1)
  Stephan Drusch (1)
  
  1. Institute for Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Department of Food Technology and Food Material Science, Technische Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str.22, 14195, Berlin, Germany
  
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Chemistry
  Food Science
  Biophysics and Biomedical Physics
  Analytical Chemistry
  
• 出版者：Springer New York
• ISSN：1557-1866

文摘

Saponins from various botanical origins highly differ in molecular structure. Little is known of the influence of structural differences between the different saponins on interfacial tension, short-term adsorption and foam properties at the air-water interface (a/w). In this study five triterpenoid saponins, with three of these being monodesmosidic and two bidesmosidic as well as one steroid saponin, were analyzed. Interfacial tension isotherms were measured using a tensiometer with a Wilhelmy plate and were fitted using the modified Frumkin model. For characterization of the short-term adsorption at the a/w-interface, two-fluid needle experiments were performed. Foaming, foam stability and foam structure were analyzed using a foaming device. A new method for semi-quantitative analysis of different foam structures was established. Additionally the impact of pH and ionic strength (addition of NaCl) on interfacial tension and foam properties were determined. The short-term adsorption of all saponins was limited by an additional barrier and was not diffusion-limited. Extracts from Quillaja saponaria Molina (QS), Gypsophila (GYP), Camellia oleifera Abel (TS) and Aesculus hippocastanum (ESC) lowered the interfacial tension to 37–42 mN/m and produced stable foams. The steroid saponin from Tribulus terrestris (TT) and the monodesmosidic saponin from Glycyrrhiza glabra (GA) had only poor interfacial and foam properties. Foams made from QS and GYP were only little affected by changes in pH and ionic strength. A reduction of the pH from 5 to 3 increased stability of foams made from GA significantly. Foams made from ESC and TS were negatively affected by increasing ionic strength. Keywords Foam analysis Saponin Botanical origin Short-term adsorption Interfacial tension Natural surfactant