Hazard zoning for volcanic ballistic impacts at El Chichón Volcano (Mexico)

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• 作者：Miguel A. Alatorre-Ibargüengoitia ; Horacio Morales-Iglesias…
• 关键词：Volcanic hazard ; Volcanic eruption ; El Chichón Volcano ; Hazard map ; Ballistic projectiles ; Pyroclasts ejection
• 刊名：Natural Hazards
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：81
• 期：3
• 页码：1733-1744
• 全文大小：4,215 KB
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• 作者单位：Miguel A. Alatorre-Ibargüengoitia (1)
  Horacio Morales-Iglesias (1)
  Silvia G. Ramos-Hernández (1)
  Juan Jon-Selvas (1)
  Julio M. Jiménez-Aguilar (1)
  
  1. Centro de Investigación en Gestión de Riesgos y Cambio Climático, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Libramiento Norte Pte. #1150 Col. Lajas Maciel, 29039, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Mexico
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Hydrogeology
  Geophysics and Geodesy
  Geotechnical Engineering
  Civil Engineering
  Environmental Management
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-0840

文摘

The 1982 eruption of El Chichón Volcano in southeastern Mexico had a strong social, economic, and environmental impact. The eruption gave rise to the most disastrous volcanic events in Mexico, killing around 2000 inhabitants, displacing thousands, and resulting in severe economic losses. Despite some villages were relocated after this eruption, many people still live and work in the vicinities of the volcano and might be affected in the case of a new eruption. For this reason, it is important to identify the exposed zones. The published hazard map of El Chichón Volcano covers pyroclastic flows and surges, lahars, and ashfall, but not ballistic projectiles, which would represent an important threat in the case of an eruption. In fact, the fatalities reported in the first stage of the 1982 eruption were caused by ballistic projectiles and ashfall that induced roof collapse. In this study, the hazard zones for volcanic ballistic projectiles at El Chichón Volcano are delimited through a general methodology that has been applied to other volcanoes such as Popocatépetl (Alatorre-Ibarguengoitia et al. in Bull Volcanol 74:2155–2169, 2012. doi:10.1007/s00445-012-0657-2) and Colima (Alatorre-Ibarguengoitia et al. in Geol Soc Am Spec Paper 402:26–39, 2006). The maximum launching kinetic energy of projectiles identified in the field corresponding to past eruptions is reconstructed by using a ballistic model. These energies are then used to parameterize different explosion scenarios that can occur in the future. The maximum ranges expected for the projectiles in the different explosive scenarios defined for El Chichón Volcano are presented in a ballistic hazard map which complements the published hazard map. The responsible authorities may use this map to be able to mark off the restricted zones during volcanic crises.