Absorption and foaming of plastics using carbon dioxide
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- 作者：Gwo-Geng Lin (1)
Dar-Jong Lin (1)
Li-Jung Wang (1)
Ting-Wei Kuo (1) - 关键词：Foamed plastics ; Henry constant ; Diffusion coefficient ; Carbon dioxide ; Absorption
- 刊名：Research on Chemical Intermediates
- 出版年：2014
- 出版时间：July 2014
- 年：2014
- 卷：40
- 期：6
- 页码：2259-2268
- 全文大小：
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Dar-Jong Lin (1)
Li-Jung Wang (1)
Ting-Wei Kuo (1)
1. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Energy and Opto-Electronic Materials Research Center, Tamkang University, Tamsui, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan - ISSN：1568-5675
文摘
In this study, carbon dioxide was used as a foaming agent for common plastics, such as acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) polymer, polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and high impact polystyrene (HIPS). Carbon dioxide was first absorbed by the sample plastics placed within a pressure vessel at various pressure levels and absorption time intervals. The Henry’s constant of the absorbed carbon dioxide in the plastics was determined. The diffusion coefficient of carbon dioxide in polymer was also identified by curve-fitting with the relationship between the absorbed amount and time. The results showed that ABS, PS, and HIPS absorbed more gas than did PP and HDPE, because PP and HDPE exhibit higher crystallinity. Generally, a polymer can take up saturation absorption of gas under higher pressure. After absorption, the foaming process occurred at various temperatures and time intervals. The cell structure, density, and size of the plastic foams were then investigated using scanning electron microscopy. A longer foaming period and higher temperature increase the size of the cell and decrease the cell density (the number of bubbles per unit volume). A dense skin layer without bubbles appeared directly adjacent to the surface of the foamed plastics. Its thickness decreased if the foaming process took place at higher temperatures.