Does remnant gastric cancer really differ from primary gastric cancer? A systematic review of the literature by the Task Force of Japanese Gastric Cancer Association

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Hideaki Shimada ; Takeo Fukagawa ; Yoshio Haga ; Koji Oba
• 关键词：Remnant gastric cancer ; Lymph node ; Carcinogenesis ; Prognosis ; Systematic review
• 刊名：Gastric Cancer
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：19
• 期：2
• 页码：339-349
• 全文大小：834 KB
• 参考文献：1.Pointner R, Schwab G, Konigsrainer A, Bodner E, Schmid KW. Gastric stump cancer: etiopathological and clinical aspects. Endoscopy. 1989;21:115–9.CrossRef PubMed
  2.Safatle-Ribeiro AV, Ribeiro U, Reynolds JC. Gastric stump cancer: what is the risk? Dig Dis. 1998;16:159–68.CrossRef PubMed
  3.Thorban S, Böttcher K, Etter M, Roder JD, Busch R, Siewert JR. Prognostic factors in gastric stump carcinoma. Ann Surg. 2000;231:188–94.CrossRef PubMed PubMedCentral
  4.Balfour DC. Factors influencing the life expectancy of patients operated on for gastric ulcer. Ann Surg. 1922;76:405–8.CrossRef PubMed PubMedCentral
  5.Kodera Y, Yamamura Y, Torii A, Uesaka K, Hirai T, Yasui K, Morimoto T, et al. Incidence, diagnosis and significance of multiple gastric cancer. Br J Surg. 1995;82:1540–3.CrossRef PubMed
  6.Kaneko K, Kondo H, Saito D, Shirao K, Yamaguchi H, Yokota T, et al. Early gastric stump cancer following distal gastrectomy. Gut. 1998;43:342–4.CrossRef PubMed PubMedCentral
  7.Furukawa H, Iwanaga T, Hiratsuka M, Imaoka S, Ishikawa O, Kabuto T, et al. Gastric remnant cancer as a metachronous multiple lesion. Br J Surg. 1993;80:54–6.CrossRef PubMed
  8.Takeno S, Hashimoto T, Maki K, Shibata R, Shiwaku H, Yamana I, et al. Gastric cancer arising from the remnant stomach after distal gastrectomy: a review. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20:13734–40.CrossRef PubMed PubMedCentral
  9.Ohashi M, Katai H, Fukagawa T, Gotoda T, Sano T, Sasako M. Cancer of the gastric stump following distal gastrectomy for cancer. Br J Surg. 2007;94:92–5.CrossRef PubMed
  10.Kwon IG, Cho I, Choi YY, Hyung WJ, Kim CB, Noh SH. Risk factors for complications during surgical treatment of remnant gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer. 2015;18:390–6.CrossRef PubMed
  11.Parmar MK, Torri V, Stewart L. Extracting summary statistics to perform meta-analyses of the published literature for survival endpoints. Stat Med. 1998;17:2815–34.CrossRef PubMed
  12.Higgins JPT, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ. 2003;327:557–60.CrossRef PubMed PubMedCentral
  13.Kunisaki C, Shimada H, Nomura M, Hosaka N, Akiyama H, Ookubo K, et al. Lymph node dissection in surgical treatment for remnant stomach cancer. Hepatogastroenterology. 2002;49:580–4.PubMed
  14.Sasako M, Maruyama K, Kinoshita T, Okabayashi K. Surgical treatment of carcinoma of the gastric stump. Br J Surg. 1991;78:822–4.CrossRef PubMed
  15.Ikeguchi M, Kondou A, Shibata S, Yamashiro H, Tsujitani S, Maeta M, et al. Clinicopathologic differences between carcinoma in the gastric remnant stump after distal partial gastrectomy for benign gastroduodenal lesions and primary carcinoma in the upper third of the stomach. Cancer (Phila). 1994;73:15–21.CrossRef
  16.Pointner R, Wetscher GJ, Gadenstätter M, Bodner E, Hinder RA. Gastric remnant cancer has a better prognosis than primary gastric cancer. Arch Surg. 1994;129:615–9.CrossRef PubMed
  17.Chen CN, Lee WJ, Lee PH, Chang KJ, Chen KM. Clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of gastric stump cancer. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1996;23:251–5.CrossRef PubMed
  18.Lo SS, Wu CW, Hsieh MC, Lui WY. Is gastric remnant cancer clinically different from primary gastric cancer? Hepatogastroenterology. 1997;44:299–301.PubMed
  19.Newman E, Brennan MF, Hochwald SN, Harrison LE, Karpeh MS Jr. Gastric remnant carcinoma: just another proximal gastric cancer or a unique entity? Am J Surg. 1997;173:292–7.CrossRef PubMed
  20.Imada T, Rino Y, Takahashi M, Shiozawa M, Hatori S, Noguchi Y, et al. Clinicopathologic differences between gastric remnant cancer and primary cancer in the upper third of the stomach. Anticancer Res. 1998;18:231–5.PubMed
  21.Bruno L, Nesi G, Montinaro F, Carassale G, Lassig R, Boddi V, et al. Clinicopathologic findings and results of surgical treatment in cardiac adenocarcinoma. J Surg Oncol. 2000;74:33–5.CrossRef PubMed
  22.Inomata M, Shiraishi N, Adachi Y, Yasuda K, Aramaki M, Kitano S. Gastric remnant cancer compared with primary proximal gastric cancer. Hepatogastroenterology. 2003;50:587–91.PubMed
  23.An JY, Choi MG, Noh JH, Sohn TS, Kim S. The outcome of patients with remnant primary gastric cancer compared with those having upper one-third gastric cancer. Am J Surg. 2007;194:143–7.CrossRef PubMed
  24.Schaefer N, Sinning C, Standop J, Overhaus M, Hirner A, Wolff M. Treatment and prognosis of gastric stump carcinoma in comparison with primary proximal gastric cancer. Am J Surg. 2007;194:63–7.CrossRef PubMed
  25.Mezhir JJ, Gonen M, Ammori JB, Strong VE, Brennan MF, Coit DG. Treatment and outcome of patients with gastric remnant cancer after resection for peptic ulcer disease. Ann Surg Oncol. 2011;18:670–6.CrossRef PubMed
  26.Komatsu S, Ichikawa D, Okamoto K, Ikoma D, Tsujiura M, Nishimura Y, et al. Progression of remnant gastric cancer is associated with duration of follow-up following distal gastrectomy. World J Gastroenterol. 2012;18:2832–6.CrossRef PubMed PubMedCentral
  27.Costa-Pinho A, Pinto-de-Sousa J, Barbosa J, Costa-Maia J. Gastric stump cancer: more than just another proximal gastric cancer and demanding a more suitable TNM staging system. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:781896.CrossRef PubMed PubMedCentral
  28.Li F, Zhang R, Liang H, Zhao J, Liu H, Quan J, et al. A retrospective clinicopathologic study of remnant gastric cancer after distal gastrectomy. Am J Clin Oncol. 2013;36:244–9.CrossRef PubMed
  29.Tokunaga M, Sano T, Ohyama S, Hiki N, Fukunaga T, Yamada K, et al. Clinicopathological characteristics and survival difference between gastric stump carcinoma and primary upper third gastric cancer. J Gastrointest Surg. 2013;17:313–8.CrossRef PubMed
  30.Wang Y, Huang CM, Wang JB, Zheng CH, Li P, Xie JW, et al. Survival and surgical outcomes of cardiac cancer of the remnant stomach in comparison with primary cardiac cancer. World J Surg. Oncol. 2014;12:21.CrossRef PubMed PubMedCentral
  31.Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gøtzsche PC, Ioannidis JP, et al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate healthcare interventions: explanation and elaboration. BMJ. 2009;339:b2700.CrossRef PubMed PubMedCentral
  32.Stalnikowicz R, Benbassat J. Risk of gastric cancer after gastric surgery for benign disorders. Arch Intern Med. 1990;150:2022–6.CrossRef PubMed
  33.Ahn HS, Kim JW, Yoo MW, Park do J, Lee HJ, Lee KU, et al. Clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes of patients with remnant gastric cancer after a distal gastrectomy. Ann Surg Oncol. 2008;15:1632–9.CrossRef PubMed
  34.Hu X, Tian DY, Cao L, Yu Y. Progression and prognosis of gastric stump cancer. J Surg Oncol. 2009;100:472–6.CrossRef PubMed
  35.Lee SB, Kim JH, Kim DH, Jeon TY, Kim DH, Kim GH, et al. Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of remnant gastric cancer. J Gastric Cancer. 2010;10:219–25.CrossRef PubMed PubMedCentral
  36.Namikawa T, Kitagawa H, Iwabu J, Okabayashi T, Kobayashi M, Hanazaki K. Tumors arising at previous anastomotic site may have poor prognosis in patients with gastric stump cancer following gastrectomy. J Gastrointest Surg. 2010;14:1923–30.CrossRef PubMed
  37.Mori G, Nakajima T, Asada K, Shimazu T, Yamamichi N, Maekita T, et al. Incidence of and risk factors for metachronous gastric cancer after endoscopic resection and successful Helicobacter pylori eradication: results of a large-scale, multicenter cohort study in Japan. Gastric Cancer 2015;81(5) (Suppl): AB133
  38.Kondo K. Duodenogastric reflux and gastric stump carcinoma. Review. Gastric Cancer 2002;5:16–22
  39.Leivonen M, Nordling S, Haglund C. Does Helicobacter pylori in the gastric stump increase the cancer risk after certain reconstruction types? Anticancer Res. 1997;17:3893–6.PubMed
  40.Sasaki K, Fujiwara Y, Kishi K, Motoori M, Yano M, Ohigashi H, et al. Pathological findings of gastric mucosa in patients with gastric remnant cancer. Hepatogastroenterology. 2014;61:251–4.PubMed
  41.Clarke MR, Safatle-Ribeiro AV, Ribeiro U, Sakai P, Reynolds JC. bcl-2 protein expression in gastric remnant mucosa and gastric cancer 15 or more years after partial gastrectomy. Mod Pathol. 1997;10:1021–7.PubMed
  42.van Rees BP, Musler A, Caspers E, Drillenburg P, Craanen ME, Polkowski W, et al. K-ras mutations in gastric stump carcinomas and in carcinomas from the non-operated stomach. Hepatogastroenterology. 1999;46:2063–8.PubMed
  43.Baba M, Konno H, Tanaka T, Kamiya K, Baba S, Sugimura H, et al. Relationship of p53 and Helicobacter pylori to clinicopathological features of human remnant stomach cancer after gastric surgery for primary gastric cancer. Oncol Rep. 2001;8:831–4.PubMed
  44.Kawabe A, Shimada Y, Uchida S, Maeda M, Yamasaki S, Kato M, et al. Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in primary and remnant gastric carcinoma: comparing it with p53 accumulation, Helicobacter pylori infection, and vascular endothelial growth factor expression. J Surg Oncol. 2002;80:79–88.CrossRef PubMed
  45.Kaizaki Y, Hosokawa O, Sakurai S, Fukayama M. Epstein–Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma in the remnant stomach: de novo and metachronous gastric remnant carcinoma. J Gastroenterol. 2005;40:570–7.CrossRef PubMed
  46.Chen JN, Jiang Y, Li HG, Ding YG, Fan XJ, Xiao L, et al. Epstein–Barr virus genome polymorphisms of Epstein–Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma in gastric remnant carcinoma in Guangzhou, southern China, an endemic area of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Virus Res. 2011;160:191–9.CrossRef PubMed
  47.Aya M, Yashiro M, Nishioka N, Onoda N, Hirakawa K. Carcinogenesis in the remnant stomach following distal gastrectomy with Billroth II reconstruction is associated with high-level microsatellite instability. Anticancer Res. 2006;26:1403–11.PubMed
  48.Sitarz R, de Leng WW, Polak M, Morsink FH, Bakker O, Polkowski WP, et al. IL-1B –31T > C promoter polymorphism is associated with gastric stump cancer but not with early onset or conventional gastric cancers. Virchows Arch. 2008;453:249–55.CrossRef PubMed
  49.Tanigawa N, Nomura E, Lee SW, Kaminishi M, Sugiyama M, Aikou T, et al. Society for the Study of Postoperative Morbidity after Gastrectomy. Current state of gastric stump carcinoma in Japan: based on the results of a nationwide survey. World J Surg. 2010;34:1540–7.CrossRef PubMed PubMedCentral
  50.Ohashi M, Morita S, Fukagawa T, Kushima R, Katai H. Surgical treatment of non-early gastric remnant carcinoma developing after distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer. J Surg Oncol. 2015;111:208–12.CrossRef PubMed
  51.Han SL, Hua YW, Wang CH, Ji SQ, Zhuang J. Metastatic pattern of lymph node and surgery for gastric stump cancer. J Surg Oncol. 2003;82:241–6.CrossRef PubMed
  52.Di Leo A, Pedrazzani C, Bencivenga M, Coniglio A, Rosa F, Morgani P, et al. Gastric stump cancer after distal gastrectomy for benign disease: clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes. Ann Surg Oncol 2014;21(8):2594–2600
  53.Li F, Zhang R, Liang H, Liu H, Quan J, Zhao J. The pattern of lymph node metastasis and the suitability of 7th UICC N stage in predicting prognosis of remnant gastric cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2012;138:111–7.CrossRef PubMed
  54.Yonemura Y, Ninomiya I, Tsugawa K, Masumoto H, Takamura H, Fushida S, et al. Lymph node metastases from carcinoma of the gastric stump. Hepatogastroenterology. 1994;41:248–52.PubMed
  55.Isozaki H, Tanaka N, Fujii K, Nomura E, Tanigawa N. Surgical treatment for advanced carcinoma of the gastric remnant. Hepatogastroenterology. 1998;45:1896–900.PubMed
  56.Kodera Y, Yamamura Y, Torii A, Uesaka K, Hirai T, Yasui K, et al. Gastric stump carcinoma after partial gastrectomy for benign gastric lesion: what is feasible as standard surgical treatment? J Surg Oncol. 1996;63:119–24.CrossRef PubMed
  57.Takeda J, Toyonaga A, Koufuji K, Kodama I, Aoyagi K, Yano S, et al. Remnant-stump gastric cancer following partial gastrectomy: clinicopathological studies. Kurume Med J. 1996;43:267–72.CrossRef PubMed
  58.Lissens P, Filez L, Aerts R, et al. Surgery for gastric remnant carcinoma following Billroth II gastrectomy. Eur J Surg Oncol. 1997;23:518–21.CrossRef PubMed
  59.Irino T, Hiki N, Nunobe S, et al. Subtotal gastrectomy with limited lymph node dissection is a feasible treatment option for patients with early gastric stump cancer. J Gastrointest Surg. 2014;18:1429–33.CrossRef PubMed
  60.Kwon IG, Cho I, Guner A, et al. Minimally invasive surgery for remnant gastric cancer: a comparison with open surgery. Surg Endosc. 2014;28:2452–8.CrossRef PubMed
  61.Son SY, Lee CM, Jung DH, Lee JH, Ahn SH, Park do J, et al. Laparoscopic completion total gastrectomy for remnant gastric cancer: a single-institution experience. Gastric Cancer. 2015;18:177–82.CrossRef PubMed
  62.Viste A, Eide GE, Glattre E, Søreide O. Cancer of the gastric stump: analyses of 819 patients and comparison with other stomach cancer patients. World J Surg. 1986;10:454–61.CrossRef PubMed
  
• 作者单位：Hideaki Shimada (1) (2)
  Takeo Fukagawa (3)
  Yoshio Haga (4) (5)
  Koji Oba (6) (7)
  
  1. Department of Surgery, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
  2. Society of Japanese Gastric Cancer Task Force for Research Promotion, Tokyo, Japan
  3. Gastric Surgery Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
  4. Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan
  5. Department of International Medical Cooperation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
  6. Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  7. Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  
• 刊物类别：Medicine
• 刊物主题：Medicine & Public Health
  Oncology
  Gastroenterology
  Surgical Oncology
  Pathology
  Radiotherapy
  
• 出版者：Springer Japan
• ISSN：1436-3305

文摘

Remnant gastric cancer, most frequently defined as cancer detected in the remnant stomach after distal gastrectomy for benign disease and those cases after surgery of gastric cancer at least 5 years after the primary surgery, is often reported as a tumor with poor prognosis. The Task Force of Japanese Gastric Cancer Association for Research Promotion evaluated the clinical impact of remnant gastric cancer by systematically reviewing publications focusing on molecular carcinogenesis, lymph node status, patient survival, and surgical complications. A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed/MEDLINE with the keywords “remnant,” “stomach,” and “cancer,” revealing 1154 relevant reports published up to the end of December 2014. The mean interval between the initial surgery and the diagnosis of remnant gastric cancer ranged from 10 to 30 years. The incidence of lymph node metastases at the splenic hilum for remnant gastric cancer is not significantly higher than that for primary proximal gastric cancer. Lymph node involvement in the jejunal mesentery is a phenomenon peculiar to remnant gastric cancer after Billroth II reconstruction. Prognosis and postoperative morbidity and mortality rates seem to be comparable to those for primary proximal gastric cancer. The crude 5-year mortality for remnant gastric cancer was 1.08 times higher than that for primary proximal gastric cancer, but this difference was not statistically significant. In conclusion, although no prospective cohort study has yet evaluated the clinical significance of remnant gastric cancer, our literature review suggests that remnant gastric cancer does not adversely affect patient prognosis and postoperative course.