文摘
Imaging of superficial peroneal nerve (NFS) is poorly known in current practice, because of the rarity of its pathology. Yet the exploration of this nerve is simple, facilitated by performance of ultrasound technology and greater accessibility to MRI. This exploration requires anatomical knowledge, oriented by clinical symptoms and sometimes by electrophysiologic data. The pathology of NFS is dominated by entrapments and iatrogenic or traumatic causes. Tumoral causes are exceptional. Predisposing anatomic variants, abnormal morphology or signal of the nerve, and abnormal contrast enhancement are the main signs to detect for diagnosis. But imaging can also be useful for guidance of interventional procedure such as nerve blocks or corticosteroid injections.