Close Encounters of the First Kind: Innate Sensors and Multiple Sclerosis

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• 作者：Lidia Fernández-Paredes ; Rebeca Pérez de Diego ; Clara de Andrés…
• 关键词：Multiple sclerosis ; Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) ; Pathogen ; associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) ; Innate immunity ; Infectious ; Dysregulation
• 刊名：Molecular Neurobiology
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：54
• 期：1
• 页码：101-114
• 全文大小：
• 刊物主题：Neurosciences; Neurobiology; Cell Biology; Neurology;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1559-1182
• 卷排序：54

文摘

Although autoimmune diseases by definition imply adaptive immune system pathologies, growing evidence points to the relevance of innate receptors in modulating the initiation and progression of the autoreactive response. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterised by central nervous system (CNS) demyelination, inflammation and axonal damage, in which the role of several pathogens such as herpes viruses have long been described as potential triggers. Encounters of these pathogens with altered innate receptors in susceptible individuals might drive pathological autoreactivity and inflammation, overcoming tolerance and causing subsequent CNS damage. In particular, functional and genetic studies reveal that Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and the Nod-like receptor (NLR) P3 could be involved in MS pathogenesis, whereas TLR3, the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-2 and the C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) MBL and MASP-3 would have a putative protective role. A better understanding of these interactions will provide important insights into the aetiopathogenesis of MS and could help design potential targets for novel therapies.