Netrin-1 Induces Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition and Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Invasiveness

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• 作者：Wei Yan (1)
  Ping Han (1)
  Zhenzhen Zhou (1)
  Wei Tu (1)
  Jiazhi Liao (1)
  Peiyuan Li (1)
  Mei Liu (1)
  Dean Tian (1)
  Yu Fu (2)
  
• 关键词：Hypoxia ; Hepatocellular carcinoma ; Epithelial–mesenchymal transition ; Netrin ; 1 ; Invasion
• 刊名：Digestive Diseases and Sciences
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：June 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：59
• 期：6
• 页码：1213-1221
• 全文大小：
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• 作者单位：Wei Yan (1)
  Ping Han (1)
  Zhenzhen Zhou (1)
  Wei Tu (1)
  Jiazhi Liao (1)
  Peiyuan Li (1)
  Mei Liu (1)
  Dean Tian (1)
  Yu Fu (2)
  
  1. Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
  2. Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, People’s Republic of China
  
• ISSN：1573-2568

文摘

Background Hypoxia is often found in solid tumors and is associated with tumor progression and poor clinical outcomes. We elucidated the mechanism by which netrin-1 released under hypoxic stress can induce epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) to promote invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Methods The expression of netrin-1 and the dependent receptors UNC5H and deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) in HCC was examined by immunohistochemistry or western blot. The HepG2 cells were cultured in 21?% O2 (normoxia) or 1?% O2 (hypoxia) for 24?h. The release of netrin-1 from hypoxic cells was detected by ELISA. Expression of E-cadherin and vimentin were examined by western blot. Inverted microscopy or confocal microscopy was used to show the cell morphology or cytoskeletal rearrangements. Cell invasion induced by hypoxia was analyzed by Transwell chamber. Cytokine IL-8 and IL-10 mRNA levels were assessed by real-time PCR. Results The expression of netrin-1 was increased in HCC tissue and cell lines. The dependent receptors UNC5H and DCC were decreased in most HCC cell lines. Hypoxia induced netrin-1 release in a time-dependent manner. EMT induction was found to occur in hypoxic HCC cells in a process that was dependent on the extracellular release of netrin-1. Moreover, overexpression of netrin-1 resulted in EMT induction in normoxic tumor cells. Cytoskeletal rearrangements were found to occur and cell invasion was increased in cells with netrin-1 overexpression. Lastly, mRNA of IL-8 and IL-10 were also increased after recombinant human netrin-1 treatment. Conclusion These results suggest that in hypoxic HCC cells, netrin-1 activates downstream signaling pathways to induce EMT activation with subsequent production of multiple inflammatory mediators which in turn promotes cancer invasion.