Responds of Bone Cells to Microgravity: Ground-Based Research

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• 作者：Jian Zhang ; Jingbao Li ; Huiyun Xu ; Pengfei Yang&#8230
• 关键词：Simulated microgravity ; Clinostat ; Diamagnetic levitation ; Spaceflight osteopenia ; Bone cells ; Bone remodeling
• 刊名：Microgravity Science and Technology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：November 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：27
• 期：6
• 页码：455-464
• 全文大小：488 KB
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• 作者单位：Jian Zhang (1)
  Jingbao Li (1)
  Huiyun Xu (1)
  Pengfei Yang (1)
  Li Xie (1)
  Airong Qian (1)
  Yong Zhao (2)
  Peng Shang (1)
  
  1. Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, P.O. Box 707, 127 Youyi Xilu, Xi鈥檃n, Shaanxi, 710072, China
  2. State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen Westen Road 1-5, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
  
• 刊物类别：Engineering
• 刊物主题：Extraterrestrial Physics and Space Sciences
  Aerospace Technology and Astronautics
  Classical Continuum Physics
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1875-0494

文摘

Severe loss of bone occurs due to long-duration spaceflight. Mechanical loading stimulates bone formation, while bone degradation happens under mechanical unloading. Bone remodeling is a dynamic process in which bone formation and bone resorption are tightly coupled. Increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation caused by reduced mechanical loading, generally result in disrupted bone remodeling. Bone remodeling is orchestrated by multiple bone cells including osteoblast, osteocyte, osteoclast and mesenchymal stem cell. It is yet not clear that how these bone cells sense altered gravity, translate physical stimulus into biochemical signals, and then regulate themselves structurally and functionally. In this paper, studies elucidating the bioeffects of microgravity on bone cells (osteoblast, osteocyte, osteoclast, mesenchymal stem cell) using various platforms including spaceflight and ground-based simulated microgravity were summarized. Promising gravity-sensitive signaling pathways and protein molecules were proposed. Keywords Simulated microgravity Clinostat Diamagnetic levitation Spaceflight osteopenia Bone cells Bone remodeling