Fat-containing soft-tissue masses in children

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• 作者：Elizabeth F. Sheybani ; Eric P. Eutsler ; Oscar M. Navarro
• 关键词：Adipocytic tumors ; Children ; Fat ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Soft ; tissue masses ; Ultrasound
• 刊名：Pediatric Radiology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：December 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：46
• 期：13
• 页码：1760-1773
• 全文大小：3,100 KB
• 刊物类别：Medicine
• 刊物主题：Medicine & Public Health
  Imaging and Radiology
  Pediatrics
  Neuroradiology
  Nuclear Medicine
  Ultrasound
  Oncology
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-1998
• 卷排序：46

文摘

The diagnosis of soft-tissue masses in children can be difficult because of the frequently nonspecific clinical and imaging characteristics of these lesions. However key findings on imaging can aid in diagnosis. The identification of macroscopic fat within a soft-tissue mass narrows the differential diagnosis considerably and suggests a high likelihood of a benign etiology in children. Fat can be difficult to detect with sonography because of the variable appearance of fat using this modality. Fat is easier to recognize using MRI, particularly with the aid of fat-suppression techniques. Although a large portion of fat-containing masses in children are adipocytic tumors, a variety of other tumors and mass-like conditions that contain fat should be considered by the radiologist confronted with a fat-containing mass in a child. In this article we review the sonographic and MRI findings in the most relevant fat-containing soft-tissue masses in the pediatric age group, including adipocytic tumors (lipoma, angiolipoma, lipomatosis, lipoblastoma, lipomatosis of nerve, and liposarcoma); fibroblastic/myofibroblastic tumors (fibrous hamartoma of infancy and lipofibromatosis); vascular anomalies (involuting hemangioma, intramuscular capillary hemangioma, phosphate and tensin homologue (PTEN) hamartoma of soft tissue, fibro-adipose vascular anomaly), and other miscellaneous entities, such as fat necrosis and epigastric hernia.