Interaction of minerals, organic matter, and microorganisms during biogeochemical interface formation as shown by a series of artificial soil experiments

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• 作者：Geertje J. Pronk ; Katja Heister ; Cordula Vogel…
• 关键词：Experimental pedology ; Soil organic matter ; Soil microbial ecology ; Secondary phyllosilicates ; Biogeochemical interfaces ; Interdisciplinary soil science
• 刊名：Biology and Fertility of Soils
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：53
• 期：1
• 页码：9-22
• 全文大小：
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Agriculture; Soil Science & Conservation;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-0789
• 卷排序：53

文摘

Our understanding of the interactions between minerals, organic matter, and microorganisms at so-called biogeochemical interfaces in soil is still hampered by the inherent complexity of these systems. Artificial soil maturation experiments can help to bridge a gap in complexity between simple abiotic sorption experiments and larger-scale field experiments. By controlling other soil-forming factors, the effect of a particular variable can be identified in a simplified system. Here, we review the findings of a series of artificial soil incubation experiments with the aim of revealing general trends and conclusions. The artificial soils were designed to determine the effect of mineral composition and charcoal presence on the development of abiotic and biotic soil properties during maturation. In particular, the development of soil aggregates, organic matter (OM) composition and turnover, sorption properties, and the establishment of microbial community composition and function were considered. The main objectives of the research were to determine (1) how surface properties and sorption of chemicals modify biogeochemical interfaces; (2) how much time is required to form aggregates from mixtures of pure minerals, OM, and a microbial inoculum; and (3) how the presence of different mineral and charcoal surfaces affects aggregation, OM turnover, and the development of microbial community composition.