Local vegetation dynamics and human habitation from the last interglacial to the early Holocene at Theopetra cave, central Greece: the evidence from wood charcoal analysis

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• 作者：Maria Ntinou ; Nina Kyparissi-Apostolika
• 关键词：Wood charcoal ; Vegetation ; Greece ; Late Pleistocene ; Holocene
• 刊名：Vegetation History and Archaeobotany
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：March 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：25
• 期：2
• 页码：191-206
• 全文大小：2,333 KB
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• 作者单位：Maria Ntinou (1)
  Nina Kyparissi-Apostolika (2)
  
  1. The Malcolm H. Weiner Laboratory for Archaeological Science, American School of Classical Studies, Soudias 54, 10676, Athens, Greece
  2. Ephoreia of Palaeoanthropology–Speleology of Southern Greece, Ardittou 34b, 11636, Athens, Greece
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Geology
  Anthropology
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1617-6278

文摘

This paper presents the results of wood charcoal analysis carried out on material from Theopetra cave in central Greece. The sequence dates from prior to 130–8 ka bp and is made up of layers of both anthropogenic and geogenic origins. The study of the wood charcoal samples from these layers sets out to distinguish changes in the local vegetation through time, to correlate these with broader environmental conditions and to discuss how they may relate to differences in the frequency and intensity of human occupation of the cave from shortly before the last interglacial to the Holocene. Changes in the presence and frequency of Prunus sp., Juniperus sp. as well as taxa needing temperate, thermophilous or riverine conditions in successive layers reflect a pattern of vegetation succession that can be correlated with the pollen and marine isotope stage (MIS) records. The earliest human occupation took place in an open park-woodland environment dominated by Prunus during the late MIS 6–6/5 transition. This was followed by a succession of temperate woodlands with deciduous Quercus, Carpinus and Fraxinus, reflecting the optimal conditions of the last interglacial (MIS 5e), followed by more open vegetation during subsequent cooling events. Middle Palaeolithic hunter-gatherers visited the cave repeatedly during the last interglacial, in contrast to more sporadic human presence during the following climatic deterioration. This was characterized by Juniperus dominated steppe and open vegetation and/or riparian woods, reflecting the harsh and unstable climatic conditions of the pleniglacial. Finally, the expansion of Pistacia and re-establishment of temperate woodland points to climatic amelioration during the Holocene from which there is evidence of regular use of the cave by Mesolithic and Neolithic people. The dominant role of Prunus observed in several periods provides important complementary information to the pollen evidence from the late Pleistocene. Keywords Wood charcoal Vegetation Greece Late Pleistocene Holocene