Synthesis, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Properties of Sulfur- and Carbon-Codoped TiO2 Nanoparticles

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：S. Ivanov ; A. Barylyak ; K. Besaha ; A. Bund ; Y. Bobitski…
• 关键词：TiO2 nanoparticle ; Metatitanic acid ; Thiourea ; Photocatalysis ; Sulfur ; carbon doping ; X ; ray photoelectron spectroscopy
• 刊名：Nanoscale Research Letters
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：December 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：11
• 期：1
• 全文大小：1,973 KB
• 刊物主题：Nanotechnology; Nanotechnology and Microengineering; Nanoscale Science and Technology; Nanochemistry; Molecular Medicine;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1556-276X

文摘

One-step TiO₂ nanoparticle synthesis based on the interaction between thiourea and metatitanic acid is applied for sulfur and carbon anatase codoping. The synthesis of the doped TiO₂ has been monitored by means of differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetric analysis (DTA-TG), which allows determining the optimal thermal conditions for the process. Electron microscopy showed micrometer-sized (5–15 μm) randomly distributed crystal aggregates, consisting of many 15–40-nm TiO₂ nanoparticles. The obtained phase composition and chemical states of the doping elements are analyzed by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopies, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). XRD displays in both samples (doped and pristine) the existence of only one crystalline phase—the tetragonal modification of TiO₂—anatase. Further data assessment by means of Rietveld refinement allowed detection of a slight c lattice parameter and volume increase related to incorporation of the doping elements. XPS demonstrated the presence of carbon and sulfur as doping elements in the material. It was confirmed that carbon is in elemental form and also present in oxygen-containing compounds, which are adsorbed on the particle surface. The binding energy for sulfur electron core shell corresponds to the established data for sulfate compounds, where sulfur is in 6+ oxidation state. The synthesized S- and C-codoped TiO₂ showed excellent photocatalytic performance during the degradation of organic dyes (rhodamine B, methylene blue), gas-phase oxidation of ethanol under visible light, and photocatalytic hydrogen generation from ethanol under ultraviolet light.