épidémie de poliovirus circulants dérivés de souches vaccinales de type 2 en République démocratique du Congo de 2011 à 2012

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• 作者：L. Bazira ; T. Coulibaly ; M. Mayenga…
• 关键词：Eradication de la poliomyélite ; Poliovirus ; Vaccin antipoliomyélitique oral (VPO) ; Poliovirus circulant dérivé de souches vaccinales (PVDVc) ; Katanga ; République démocratique du Congo ; Polio eradication ; Poliovirus ; Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) ; Vaccine ; Derived Poliovirus ; Katanga ; Democratic Republic of the Congo
• 刊名：Bulletin de la Soci篓娄t篓娄 de pathologie exotique
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：October 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：108
• 期：4
• 页码：235-241
• 全文大小：312 KB
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• 作者单位：L. Bazira (1)
  T. Coulibaly (2)
  M. Mayenga (2)
  C. Ncharre (2)
  R. Yogolelo (3)
  A. Mbule (2)
  H. Moudzeo (2)
  P. Lwamba (2)
  A. W. Mulumba (4)
  J. Cabore (2)
  
  1. Faculté de médecine, Université du Burundi, BP 1020, Bujumbura, Burundi
  2. Bureau de représentation de l’OMS à Kinshasa, République démocratique du Congo, 42, avenue des cliniques, La Gombe Kinshasa, République démocratique du Congo
  3. Institut national de recherche biomédicale (INRB), Avenue des huileries, Gombe-Kinshasa, République démocratique du Congo
  4. Direction nationale du Programme élargi de vaccination de la République démocratique du Congo, Gombe-Kinshasa, République démocratique du Congo
  
• 刊物主题：Internal Medicine; Tropical Medicine; Infectious Diseases; Gastroenterology; Epidemiology; Parasitology;
• 出版者：Springer Paris
• ISSN：1961-9049

文摘

According to the WHO records of 2013, the incidence of poliomyelitis was reduced by more than 99%, the number of endemic countries decreased from 125 in 1988 to 3 in 2013 and over 10 million cases were prevented from poliomyelitis thanks to the intensive use of Oral polio vaccine (OPV). However, the emergence of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus strains (cVDPV), causing serious epidemics like the wild poliovirus, is a major challenge on the final straight towards the goal of eradication and OPV cessation. This paper describes the cVDPVoutbreak that occurred in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) from November 2011 to April 2012. All children under 15 years of age with acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) and confirmed presence of cVDPV in the stool samples were included. Thirty (30) children, all from the administrative territories of Bukama and Malemba Nkulu in the Katanga Province (south-east DRC), were reported. The virus responsible was the cVDPV type 2 (0.7% -3.5% divergent from the reference Sabin 2 strain) in 29 children (97%) and the ambiguous vaccine-derived poliovirus strain (0.7% divergent) was confirmed in one case (3%), a boy seventeen months old and already vaccinated four times with OPV. Twentyfive children (83%) were protected by any of the routine EPI vaccines and 3 children (10%) had never received any dose of OPV. In reaction, DRC has conducted five local campaigns over a period of 10 months (from January to October 2012) and the epidemic was stopped after the second round performed in March 2012. As elsewhere in similar conditions, low immunization coverage, poor sanitation conditions and the stop of the use of OPV2 have favoured the emergence of the third cVDPV epidemic in DRC. The implementation of the Strategic Plan for Polio eradication and endgame strategic plan 2013-2018 will prevent the emergence of cVDPV and set up the conditions for a coordinated OPV phase out. Keywords Polio eradication Poliovirus Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Katanga Democratic Republic of the Congo