Using Sensor Signals to Analyze Fires

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• 作者：William D. Davis ; Thomas Cleary ; Michelle Donnelly and Samuel Hellerman
• 关键词：ceiling jets ; fire detectors ; experiments ; fire models ; fire hazards ; flashover
• 刊名：Fire Technology
• 出版年：2003
• 出版时间：2003
• 年：2003
• 卷：39
• 期：4
• 页码：295-308
• 全文大小：614 KB

文摘

Building fire sensors are capable of supplying substantially more information to the fire service than just the simple detection of a possible fire. Nelson, in 1984, recognized the importance of tying all the building sensors to a smart fire panel [1]. In order to accomplish a smart fire panel configuration such as envisioned by Nelson, algorithms must be developed that convert the analog/digital signals received from sensors to the heat release rate (HRR) of the fire. Once the HRR of the fire is known, a multiroom zone fire model can be used to determine smoke layers and temperatures in the other rooms of the building. This information can then be sent to the fire service providing it with an approximate overview of the fire scenario in the building.This paper will describe a ceiling jet algorithm that is being developed to predict the heat release rate (HRR) of a fire using signals from smoke and gas sensors. The prediction of this algorithm will be compared with experiments. In addition, an example of the predictions from a sensor-driven fire model, SDFM, using signals from heat sensors, will be compared with measurements from a full-scale, two-story, flashover townhouse fire.