Predictors of smoking reduction outcomes in a sample of 287 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

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• 作者：Bo-Jian Wu ; Tsuo-Hung Lan
• 关键词：Predictors of smoking reduction ; Smoking reduction ; Schizophrenia ; Schizophrenia spectrum disorders ; Antipsychotics
• 刊名：European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：267
• 期：1
• 页码：63-72
• 全文大小：
• 刊物类别：Medicine
• 刊物主题：Psychiatry; Neurosciences; Neurology;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1433-8491
• 卷排序：267

文摘

Many studies have investigated whether a type of antipsychotics or type of adjuvant is associated with smoking reduction in patients with schizophrenia. However, there has been no study exploring a comprehensive range of factors related to smoking reduction in schizophrenia patients. We analyzed a dataset of 287 smoking patients with schizophrenia who participated in an 8-week open-label study with high- (n = 90) or low-dose nicotine dermal patches (n = 132) or bupropion (n = 65). A logistic regression model and a linear mixed model were used to explore factors associated with the outcomes of smoking cessation and reduction, i.e., the number of cigarettes smoked and the level of nicotine dependence. The total cessation rate was 6.3 % (18/287). There were no significant predictors of cessation. The time effect of reduction was significant during the program (p = 0.001). Type of antipsychotics (p = 0.018), readiness to quit (p = 0.014), baseline number of cigarettes smoked per day (p = 0.001), and nicotine dependence level (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with smoking reduction. Patients on first-generation antipsychotics (n = 129) or clozapine (n = 70) reduced their smoking more than those on non-clozapine second-generation antipsychotics (n = 74). Patients in the preparation stage (n = 97) or in the contemplation (n = 70) reduced their smoking more than those in the precontemplation stage (n = 120). The mechanisms of tobacco addiction need to be better understood for further development of effective cessation programs in patients with schizophrenia.