Pneutronic speed governor for small hydropower plants: a new application for pneumatics
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- 作者：Yesid Asaff ; Victor Juliano De Negri…
- 关键词：Turbine speed governor ; Servo ; pneumatic system ; Modeling and simulation ; Experimental prototype ; Position control system
- 刊名：Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：December 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：38
- 期：8
- 页码：2621-2633
- 全文大小：2,013 KB
- 刊物主题：Mechanical Engineering;
- 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
- ISSN：1806-3691
- 卷排序：38
文摘
This paper describes the development of a new approach for speed governors of small hydropower plants (SHPs) employing servo-pneumatic positioning system (pneutronic system). Aiming at cost reduction, easy maintenance, and obtaining an environmentally friendly product, a pneumatic system is designed for the control of wicked gates in Francis turbines to replace the conventional approach using a hydraulic system. The positioning system development is based on the non-linear modeling of the pneumatic valve and cylinder and includes a PID controller with dead zone compensation. Using a test bench corresponding to a 400 kW power plant, the model is validated and the performance requirements, according to international standards, are fully satisfied. Results are presented for a speed governor prototype installed on-site in a 35 kW Francis turbine where load rejection and step response tests were carried out. The theoretical and experimental results show that a servo-pneumatic speed governor can be used successfully for SHPs, being restricted to turbines of up to 1 MW considering only the pneumatic component costs.