Nicht-epileptische motorische Phänomene im Schlaf
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- 作者：Dr. med. Gabriel Möddel ; Anna Heidbreder
- 关键词：SchlüsselwörterParasomnie ; Schlafwandeln ; REM ; Schlaf ; Verhaltensstörung ; Periodische Beinbewegungen ; Bruxismus
- 刊名：Zeitschrift für Epileptologie
- 出版年：2017
- 出版时间：February 2017
- 年：2017
- 卷：30
- 期：1
- 页码：28-33
- 全文大小：
- 刊物主题：Neurology;
- 出版者：Springer Medizin
- ISSN：1610-0646
- 卷排序：30
文摘
Paroxysmal motor phenomena during sleep are frequent and need to be differentiated from sleep-related epileptic seizures. Non-REM parasomnias are characterized by incomplete arousal from deep sleep with impaired ability to interact. They are sub-classified as confusional arousals, sleepwalking, and sleep terrors. Sleepwalking may be associated with inadequate behavior and accidents. Most cases of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) are associated with neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. However, RBD may precede the onset of the associated disease by many years. Jerky movements during REM sleep are usually seen, which are caused by loss of REM-associated muscle atonia. After awakening, patients tend to remember an action-filled dream, often with violent content. Periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) are seen in most patients suffering from restless legs syndrome (RLS), but they may also occur independent of RLS. They are regarded as a disorder if they significantly disturb sleep onset or maintenance. Sleep related bruxism may lead to relevant tooth damage. The grinding sounds are usually perceived as very disturbing by room- or housemates. Rhythmic movements at the transition between wake and sleep probably originate as a form of self-stimulation with a soothing effect, but they may eventually become pathologically relevant, disturbing sleep onset of the affected person and his or her bedpartner. Hypnagogic foot tremor, alternating leg muscle activation during sleep, and sleep starts are usually of no pathological relevance.